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Factors influencing the occurrence of flow state in elite athletes
Abstract
Understanding factors which may influence the occurrence of flow in elaite athletes was the goal of the present investigation. Twenty-eight elite level athletes from seven sports were interviewed about the factors they perceived influenced their experience of flow state. Inductive content analyses of athletes' responses to questions about what facilitates, prevents, and disrupts flow, resulted in 10 dimensions that synthesized the 361 themes suggested by the athletes. These themes and dimensions provided insight into factors that may influence whether or not flow occurs in elite athletes. For example. some of the more salient factors influencing whether or not flow occurred included: preparation, both physical and mental; confidence; focus; how the performance felt and progressed; and optimal motivation and arousal level. This study also involved asking elite athletes about the perceived controllability of these factors, and of the state of flow itself. The majority of the athletes interviewed perceived the flow state to be controllable. or potentially within their control. A large percentage of the factors seen to facilitate or prevent flow were perceived as controllable; however, factors seen as disrupting flow were largely seen as uncontrollable.
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Citations
Cited by
Nakamura, J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014) · Flow and the Foundations of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8_16 · Cited by 1,608
Distinctions between emotion and mood
Beedie, C., Terry, P., & Lane, A. (2005) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930541000057 · Cited by 593
Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.3.4.334 · Cited by 329
Development and preliminary validation of the mindfulness inventory for sport.
Thienot, E., Jackson, B., Dimmock, J., Grove, J. R., Bernier, M., & Fournier, J. F. (2014) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.10.003 · Cited by 165
Swann, C., Crust, L., Jackman, P., Vella, S. A., Allen, M. S., & Keegan, R. (2017) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2016.1272650 · Cited by 165
Affectivity, Emotional Labor, Emotional Exhaustion, and Emotional Intelligence in Coaching
Lee, Y. H., & Chelladurai, P. (2016) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2015.1092481 · Cited by 107
Peifer, C., Schönfeld, P., Wolters, G., Aust, F., & Margraf, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01008 · Cited by 87
New directions in the psychology of optimal performance in sport: Flow and clutch states.
Swann, C., Crust, L., & Vella, S. A. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.032 · Cited by 84
Individual and Situational Factors Related to the Experience of Flow in Adolescence
Schmidt, J. A., Shernoff, D. J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014) · Applications of Flow in Human Development and Education · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9094-9_20 · Cited by 62
Barry, G., van Schaik, P., MacSween, A., Dixon, J., & Martin, D. (2016) · BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-016-0050-0 · Cited by 61
Hill, A., Schücker, L., Wiese, M., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2021) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2020.1739110 · Cited by 25
Meggs, J., & Chen, M. (2021) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/0031512520984422 · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Jackson, S. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1995-09
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 138-166
- ISSN
- 1041-3200 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-1571
- OpenAlex
- W1987162308
- Cited by
- 343
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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