The DOI matches its Crossref record; 121 of the 125 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Roles of Personality Traits, AI Anxiety, and Demographic Factors in Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence
Open accessAbstract
The present study adapted the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS) to Turkish and investigated the impact of personality traits, artificial intelligence anxiety, and demographics on attitudes toward artificial intelligence. The sample consisted of 259 female (74%) and 91 male (26%) individuals aged between 18 and 51 (Mean = 24.23). Measures taken were demographics, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale, and the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale. The Turkish GAAIS had good validity and reliability. Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression Analyses showed that positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly predicted by the level of computer use (β = 0.139, p = 0.013), level of knowledge about artificial intelligence (β = 0.119, p = 0.029), and AI learning anxiety (β = −0.172, p = 0.004). Negative attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly predicted by agreeableness (β = 0.120, p = 0.019), AI configuration anxiety (β = −0.379, p < 0.001), and AI learning anxiety (β = −0.211, p < 0.001). Personality traits, AI anxiety, and demographics play important roles in attitudes toward AI. Results are discussed in light of the previous research and theoretical explanations.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“while Kaya et al. (2024) showed that age did not predict attitudes toward AI.”
From Artificial intelligence in higher education: exploring faculty use, self-efficacy, distinct profiles, and professional development needs (2024) · cites this paper as Kaya et al., 2024
Citations
Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788
Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling
Tabri, N., & Elliott, C. M. (2012) · Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology and Criminology · doi:10.15353/cgjsc.v1i1.3787 · Cited by 39,094
Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches
Creswell, J. W. (1994) · Cited by 35,213
Pls-Sem: indeed a silver bullet
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011) · Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.2753/mtp1069-6679190202 · Cited by 21,631
Einax, J. W., Zwanziger, H. W., & Geiß, S. (1997) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/352760216x.ch5 · Cited by 18,779
Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches
Caldas, M. (2003) · Revista de Administração Contemporânea · doi:10.1590/s1415-65552003000100015 · Cited by 18,688
(2017) · Cited by 16,319
Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research
Brown, T. A. (2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.44-2769 · Cited by 15,621
(1998) · DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University) · Cited by 13,997
The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?
Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019 · Cited by 8,727
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Chuang, L.-M., Liu, C.-C., & Kao, H.-K. (2016). The adoption of fintech service: TAM perspective. International Journal of Management Administrative Sciences, 3(7), 1–15.
- Circiumaru A. (2022). [ Futureproofing EU law the case of algorithmic discrimination] [Unpublished master’s thesis]. University of Oxford.
- Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory and NEO Five-Factor Inventory: Professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
- 10.2759/835661 · DOI
- Figueiredo M. M. (2019). [Artificial Intelligence acceptance: Morphological elements of the acceptance of Artificial Intelligence] [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Católica Porto Business School.
- 10.1080/1369183x.2013.8261 · DOI
- Mark, L., Davis, J., Dow, T., Godfrey, W., & Proyas, A. (2004). I, robot movie [Motion picture]. 20th Century Fox.
- Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
- Reinhart, R. J. (2018, March 6). Most Americans already using artificial intelligence products. Gallup. https://perma.cc/RVY5-WP9W
- Sánchez-Nicolás, E. (2019, August 29). All “big five” tech firms listened to private conversations. EUobserver. https://euobserver.com/science/145759
- Thanabordeekij, P., Sudtasan, T., & Tanamee, D. (2020). Integrating trust into the technology acceptance model: The case of mobile banking adoption in Myanmar. Panyapiwat Journal, 12(3), 107–119.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 745
Ardenghi, S., Bani, M., Russo, S., Cremona, N., Zorzi, F., Sarnè, G. M. L., & Strepparava, M. G. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9254457/v1
Modeling International Chinese Language Teachers' AI Anxiety: A PLS-SEM Based Computational Study
Hao, Z., Qi, L., Wang, X., & Xu, X. (2025) · doi:10.1145/3797552.3797737
Investigation of AI Anxiety and Some Personal Variables’ Effects on Teachers' Attitudes Towards AI
Özyürek, A., Gümüş, H., & AYDIN, A. (2026) · Kuramsal Eğitimbilim · doi:10.30831/akukeg.1785613
Klyshbekova, M., & Forsberg, A. (2026) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2026.2650254
Deconstructing Ambivalence Toward AI: Development and Validation of a Five-Dimension Scale (AAAIS)
Xu, K., Wu, Q., & Wang, M. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2660117
Jiang, M., Tang, S., & Wang, Q. N. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18094278
Ekşi, S. (2026) · Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi · doi:10.16916/aded.1890080
Rai, P., Tamang, P., & Pradhan, D. (2026) · South India Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.62656/sijss.v24i2.2344
Ünal, E., & Şahan, E. (2026) · Health Sciences Quarterly · doi:10.26900/hsq.3023
First Insights into Neuromarketing Responses to Artificial Intelligence Versus Human-Crafted Ads
Castro, A. V. C., Alvarado-Herrera, A., Romero, K. I. Q., Guzmán, A. D. C. S., & Simonian, H. (2026) · Smart innovation, systems and technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-16284-7_37
Effects of digital leadership on the attitudes of manager nurses toward AI: A cross-sectional study
Er, F., & Hanci, N. (2026) · Work · doi:10.1177/10519815261446635
Liu, F., & Wang, S. (2026) · Artificial Intelligence in Education · doi:10.1108/aiie-08-2025-0204
Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence and E-Health Literacy: A Study Among Nurses
Akçoban, S., Tüzmen, H. D., & YÜKSEL, H. (2026) · Acibadem Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.31067/acusaglik.1840596
Online Posting Patterns in Emerging Technology Accidents: Social Media Response Insights
Xie, Lai, P., Chaopaisarn, P., & Martin, S. (2026) · Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management · doi:10.1111/1468-5973.70165
Assessment of dependence on artificial intelligence and associated factors among medical students
Zencirci, S. A. (2026) · Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı Dergisi · doi:10.35232/estudamhsd.1915530
Aslan, O., Püsküllü, F. N., Topuz, İ., & Avados, M. B. (2026) · Uluslararası Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.46778/goputeb.1791452
Girgin, Ç. (2026) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1155/hbe2/6243455 · Cited by 2
How does AI drive consumers to purchase? The roles of AI anxiety and consumer autonomy
Le, H.-Y., Thanh, V. V. N., Thi, O. V., My, X. N. H., Kieu, A. L. H., & Phương, U. N. (2026) · The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/10696679.2026.2676126
Yalçınkaya, E., & Benli, K. S. (2026) · Alanya Akademik Bakış · doi:10.29023/alanyaakademik.1772668
Conise, M. D. (2026) · International Journal of Research Publications · doi:10.47119/ijrp1001971520269110
KANDEMİR, M. A. (2026) · Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1835438
Çakici, H. B., & Dolu, İ. (2026) · AJIT-e Academic Journal of Information Technology · doi:10.5824/ajite.2026.02.003.x
Kouhsari, M., & Chen, J. (2026) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1002/jcal.70274
Alias, J., & Jeyanthi, R. (2026) · Journal of Teachers and Teacher Education · doi:10.33545/30810647.2026.v3.i1.a.41
Fisher, L., Hoang, M.-N., DuBose, L., & Fan, Q. (2026) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/104072
Individual innovativeness and attitudes toward artificial intelligence among student pilots
Çeken, S., & Tuncal, A. (2026) · Research & Design · doi:10.17515/rede2026-026da0505rs
Saoud, L. S., & Qureshi, O. A. (2026) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-28819-6_31
IŞIK, C., & BENLİ, T. E. (2026) · Acibadem Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.31067/acusaglik.1933796
Demirel, H. G. (2026) · Istanbul Management Journal · doi:10.26650/imj.2026.1799602
Lu, B., Büber, A., Başay, Ö., Cross, J. L., & Martin, A. J. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9806962/v1
Tian, Q. (2026) · Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.54691/ac8ntd63
Dikmen, Ş., & Kirişçi, N. (2026) · Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.35675/befdergi.1785903
Aydın, F., Dadandı, İ., Çıtak, Ş., Saki, V., & DADANDI, P. U. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-05014-2
Pathirana, A. D., & Shyamanthi, N. K. (2026) · The Indonesian Journal of Accounting Research · doi:10.33312/ijar.951
Özdemir, A., & Benzer, S. (2026) · Karaelmas Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.58638/kebd.1917721
Andrieu, E., Pistono, A., & Amadieu, F. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7002154
Hasmujaj, E., & Drishti, E. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-05052-w
Togo, O. T., Öztürk, A., & Çağlayan, A. (2026) · Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi · doi:10.56639/jsar.1862814
Öztürk, B., & Ermiş, S. A. (2026) · International Journal of Mountaineering and Climbing · doi:10.36415/dagcilik.1842869
Kurtuldu, T. (2026) · Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.53434/gbesbd.1837841
Aydin, C., & Karakaya, A. (2026) · Niksar Akademik Çalışmalar Dergisi · doi:10.66610/togunac.1909998
Fu, C.-C. C. W.-H., & Li, K. (2026) · Human Resource Development International · doi:10.1080/13678868.2026.2696236 · Cited by 1
Ho, R., Amin, M., Malan, I. N. B., & Wong, C. (2026) · International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences · doi:10.1108/ijqss-11-2025-0332 · Cited by 1
Zhang, Z., Zhou, Y., & Chen, X. H. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2695435
Horasan, B., Ergin, A., & Şenarabacı, E. (2026) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-026-09859-4
Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence among University Students: The Role of Personality Traits
Karakoyun, F. (2026) · Journal of Computer and Education Research · doi:10.18009/jcer.1865790
Aljarah, A., Rodriguez-Sanchez, C., Ostrovskaya, L., & Soomro, S. A. (2026) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2026.2684027
Kekil, S., Sürücü, Ş. G., Gözüyeşil, E., & Vurgeç, B. A. (2026) · Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.47115/jshs.1964694
Martin, N., Kopp, T., Vetter, P., & Kinkel, S. (2026) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/00187208261461812
İNCİ, G., Işıker, Y., Sakız, H., Karadaş, H., & Aykat, Ş. (2026) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2026.105739
Fong, T. C. T., Chan, C. H., Kwok, A. P. K., Chan, R. T. H., Tang, R. L. M., Wen, M., & YIP, P. S. F. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/88362
Özsoy, A. (2026) · GSI Journals Serie A Advancements in Tourism Recreation and Sports Sciences · doi:10.53353/atrss.1918190
Sezgin, M. G., & Bektaş, H. (2026) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2026.152120
The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Attitudes on Social Work Students in Türkiye
Doğan, H. (2026) · Social Work Research · doi:10.1093/swr/svag010
Zhao, K., Li, L., Chen, W., & Liu, H. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2701958
Miyake, K., Ozaki, K., Maehigashi, A., & Yamada, S. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-25032-2_28
Kara, M., & Yurt, E. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09795-y
Trust by design: Human factors and trust calibration in ML-based educational systems
Anthis, Z., & Kyriakidou-Zacharoudiou, A. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103893
Chen, L., Jin, C., & Wang, L. (2026) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2026.103737
İyilikci, E. A., Yurt, H. M., Keysan, E. E., Ağaoğulları, N., Dallar, H., Güven, L. S., Özkan, M. S., Şahin, M., Günhan, Z., Baykuşak, E., et al. (2026) · Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1647141 · Cited by 1
Digital Identities, AI Ethics, and Mental Health
ElSayary, A. (2026) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003657590
Lei, T., Qiu, K., Tan, Z., & Ding, F. (2026) · Fuzzy Sets and Systems · doi:10.1016/j.fss.2026.110054
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF TENNIS FANS’ ADOPTION OF AI-ENABLED EXPERIENCES: INSIGHTS FOR SPORT TOURISM
Correia, R. A. F., Cipkus, I., Venciūtė, D., & Fontes, R. (2026) · Biennial International Congress Tourism and Hospitality Industry: Trends and Challenges · doi:10.20867/thi.28.03
CHUNHUA, L., & PENGFEI, L. (2026) · Advances in Physical Education · doi:10.4236/ape.2026.163004
Older Adults’ Assessments of Mobile Apps for Purchasing Hospitality and Tourism Services
Kim, J. J. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2750598
Xia, Q., Jiang, R., Weng, X., & Chiu, T. K. F. (2026) · The Educational and Developmental Psychologist · doi:10.1080/20590776.2026.2708689
Fang, F., Meng, Y., Tang, L., & Cui, Y. H. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-05198-7
Türkseven, Ç. H., Sarı, B., AYDEMİR, H. C., Şengül, M., & Mızrak, M. (2026) · Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine · doi:10.32322/jhsm.1939919
Al-Daraiseh, R., Ta’an, W., Mukattash, T. L., Al‐Hammouri, M. M., Abu-Farha, R., & Williams, B. A. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0354305
Wang, H., Quanhuize, L. Y. U., Zhang, D., & Wu, H. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09856-2
The Mediating Role of AI Anxiety in the Relationship Between AI Literacy and Career Decidedness
HOŞGÖR, H., & Sezgin, M. (2026) · Hacettepe University Journal of Education · doi:10.16986/hunefd.1765146
Mutlu, N. C., & GÜMÜŞ, F. Ö. (2026) · Open Praxis · doi:10.55982/openpraxis.18.3.936
毛耀忠, Guo, C., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-026-02003-w
Wu, F., Xiao, H., & Lin, X. (2026) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440261477182
Preschool teachers’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence in Türkiye: a cross-regional study
GÜREL, A. H., & Arslan, K. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-14122-w
Rahman, M. M., Yankouskaya, A., Alshakhsi, S. A. A., Babiker, A., Liebherr, M., & Ali, R. (2026) · SN Computer Science · doi:10.1007/s42979-026-05214-y
Ağmaz, R. F., Ergüleç, F., & Küçükaydın, M. A. (2026) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-026-03050-z
Too human to trust? How warmth, competence, and anxiety shape employee avoidance of generative AI
Zhong, D., Wu, F., & Sun, S. L. (2026) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-026-03272-7
Kolcu, G., Balım, N. B., BAŞ, F. Y., & İŞCAN, G. (2026) · Turkish Journal of Health Science and Life · doi:10.56150/tjhsl.1881554
Marót, J. L., Palcsó, T., & Szabó, Z. P. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1924487
Singh, M. (2026) · Journal of Intelligent Decision Making and Information Science · doi:10.59543/jidmis.v3.1756
Gai, G., Zhao, Z., & Ahmad, N. S. (2026) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s638092
A mesterséges intelligenciához fűződő attitűd alapján képzett klaszterek azonosítása és jellemzése
Molnár, L., & Horváth, K. (2026) · Egyesület a Marketing Oktatásért és Kutatásért Országos Konferencia (EMOK) · doi:10.62561/emok-2025-10
Johnson, B. B., Osei-Yeboah, J., Klutsey, E. E., Agbo, I. A., Lokpo, S. Y., Duneeh, R. V., Asem, L., Gyamfua, D. P. P., Kwadzokpui, P. K., Bohli, J. K., et al. (2026) · Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences · doi:10.1007/s44361-026-00053-1
Kozman, C., Coleman, R., & Gondwe, G. (2026) · Communication & Sport · doi:10.1177/21674795261480628
Türkçe Dersinde Yapay Zekâ Araçlarının Kullanımına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi
Ceylan, A. (2026) · Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.37217/tebd.1798428
Liu, W., Chang, X., Yan, Y., & Zhang, H. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1831480
Liu, X., Yi, X., Chin, W. M., & Wang, Q. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107655
Sarıtaş, E., & Öztürk, P. Ç. (2026) · Sakarya Üniversitesi Holistik Sağlık Dergisi · doi:10.54803/sauhsd.1924219
Fan, C., & Wang, H. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16091519
Feng, W., Wang, M., Zeng, K., Zhang, Z., & Zhang, X. (2026) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2026.103124
Öğretmenlere Yönelik Yapay Zekâ Tutum Ölçeği: Geliştirme ve Uygulama Çalışması
Adıgüzel, S., & KARALI, Y. (2026) · Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.37217/tebd.1756320
Alan, B., Zengin, F. K., & Keçeci, G. (2026) · International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education · doi:10.21449/ijate.1671049
BIYIK, E. (2026) · İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.38079/igusabder.1870403
AI Persona Design and Perceived Difficulty of Legal Advice TasksPreprint
Klaps, A., Kovacovsky, Z., & Stetina, B. U. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10850860/v1
Williams, J. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7412589
Özenir, Ç., Altınsoy, C., Kaçar, M., Kılınç, F. N., & Çakır, B. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18172931
Dong, X., Zhang, Y., Li, Q., & Han, Z. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16091585
Metadata
- Authors
- Kaya, F., Aydin, F., Schepman, A., Rodway, P., Yetişensoy, O., & Demir Kaya, M.
- Affiliations
- Atatürk University (TR)
- Department of Counseling and Guidance, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
- University of Chester (GB)
- Department of Social Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
- Department of Psychology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Corresponding author
- Schepman, Astrid
- Venue
- International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-12-07
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 497-514
- ISSN
- 1044-7318 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7590
- OpenAlex
- W4311843323
- Cited by
- 688
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 264 · 2025: 283 · 2024: 120 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 146.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- ChesterRep (University of Chester) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DSpace@Bayburt (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Technology in Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Keywords
- attitudes toward AI, AI anxiety, personality traits, agreeableness, computer use, AI knowledge, scale adaptation, Turkish adaptation, demographic factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review