Multimodal virtual reality: Input‐output devices, system integration, and human factors
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) involves multimodal interactions with computer‐simulated worlds through visual, auditory, and haptic feedback. This article reviews the state of the art in special‐purpose input‐output devices, such as trackers, sensing gloves, 3‐D audio cards, stereo displays, and haptic feedback masters. The integration of these devices in local and network‐distributed VR simulation systems is subsequently discussed. Finally, we present human‐factor studies that quantify the benefits of several feedback modalities on simulation realism and sensorial immersion. Specifically, we consider tracking and dextrous manipulation task performance in terms of error rates and learning times when graphics, audio, and haptic feedback are provided.
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Providing high-resolution haptic feedback alone does not necessarily guarantee an increase in task performance.
“providing high-resolution haptic feedback alone does not necessarily guarantee an increase in task performance [42].”
From Study of Multimodal Interfaces and the Improvements on Teleoperation (2020) · cites this paper as [42]
Adding multiple modalities can reduce the workload of the visual cortex, increase awareness, and improve task performance.
“By adding multiple modalities, it was found that the workload of the visual cortex can be reduced, the awareness may be increased and thus the task performance can be improved [9], [10].”
From Study of Multimodal Interfaces and the Improvements on Teleoperation (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
It is not enough to add extra sensory modalities; the resolution of these modalities must be similar.
“which supports that it is not enough to add extra sensory modalities, but the resolution of these modalities must be similar.”
From Study of Multimodal Interfaces and the Improvements on Teleoperation (2020) · cites this paper as [42]
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Vocal One Switch (VOS) Selection Interfaces for Virtual and Augmented Reality Hands-free Tasks
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Basic Technologies to Build a Complete Metaverse
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Fuzzy Posture Input for Virtual-Hand Models
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- Authors
- Burdea, G., Richard, P., & Coiffet, P.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (FR)
- Venue
- International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1996-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-24
- ISSN
- 1044-7318 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7590
- OpenAlex
- W2146611447
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction (publishedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Simulation and Modeling Applications
- Keywords
- virtual reality, multimodal interaction, input devices, output devices, haptic feedback, spatial audio, stereoscopic display, networked virtual reality, simulation realism, immersion, dexterous manipulation, task performance, learning time
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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