Cited by 876Education, Achievement, and GiftednessInnovative Teaching and Learning MethodsReading and Literacy Development

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SELF-EFFICACY FOR READING AND WRITING: INFLUENCE OF MODELING, GOAL SETTING, AND SELF-EVALUATION

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Schunk, Dale H.·2003·Reading & Writing Quarterly

DOI 10.1080/10573560308219

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Abstract

Perceived self-efficacy, or students' personal beliefs about their capabilities to learn or perform behaviors at designated levels, plays an important role in their motivation and learning. Self-efficacy is a key mechanism in social cognitive theory, which postulates that achievement depends on interactions between behaviors, personal factors, and environmental conditions. Self-efficacy affects choice of tasks, effort, persistence, and achievement. Sources of self-efficacy information include personal accomplishments, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and physiological indicators. At the outset of learning activities, students have goals and a sense of self-efficacy for attaining them. Self-evaluations of learning progress sustain self-efficacy and motivation. Research on academic learning is summarized, showing how modeling, goal setting, and self-evaluation affect self-efficacy, motivation, and learning. Suggestions for applying these ideas to teaching are provided.

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Authors: Schunk, D. H.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
Corresponding author: Schunk, Dale H.
ORCID: Schunk, Dale H.
Venue: Reading & Writing Quarterly
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2003-04
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Pages: 159-172
ISSN: 1057-3569 (ISSN-L)
1521-0693
DOI: 10.1080/10573560308219
OpenAlex: W2173772081
Cited by: 876
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 31 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 11.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
libres.uncg.edu
Locations: Reading & Writing Quarterly (publishedVersion)
NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Keywords: self-efficacy, reading, writing, modeling, goal setting, self-assessment, student motivation, social cognitive theory, academic learning

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SELF-EFFICACY FOR READING AND WRITING: INFLUENCE OF MODELING, GOAL SETTING, AND SELF-EVALUATION

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