Sulfate Radical and Its Application in Decontamination Technologies
Abstract
This article gives a broad overview about the status and progress of the sulfate radical-based decontamination technologies. Peroxymonosulfate or persulfate can be activated by energy or a catalyzer to form sulfate radical for rapid and effective degradation of contaminants in homogenous systems. Sulfate radical-based heterogeneous catalysis oxidation has been a major research focus since 2005 because solid catalysts are stable, cost-effective, and easy to recover. The application of sulfate radical in other decontamination technologies and the mechanisms involved are also described and discussed. The main points are summarized and the directions of future researches are suggested in the last section.
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Activators such as light source, heat, and cavitation, and many catalysts can break the O-O bond in PS to produce SO4·- and ·OH.
“Because of the activators, such as light source, heat, and cavitation, many catalysts can break the O-O bond in PS to produce SO4 ·-and · OH.”
From Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degradation of Water Pollutants—Ambivalent Impact of Carbonate Species: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [91]
Other reactive species, such as O2·- and 1O2, are formed based on the interaction between the catalysts and PS.
“Other reactive species, such as O2 ·-and 1 O2 are formed based on the interaction between the catalysts and PS (Equation (7)) [91,92].”
From Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degradation of Water Pollutants—Ambivalent Impact of Carbonate Species: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [91]
The rate of reaction and mineralization in the PS process is enhanced by certain activators.
“The rate of reaction and mineralization in the PS process is enhanced by certain activators [90-92].”
From Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degradation of Water Pollutants—Ambivalent Impact of Carbonate Species: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [91]
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“Other reactive species, such as O 2 •− and 1 O 2 are formed based on the interaction between the catalysts and PS (Equation (7)) [91,92].”
Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of mono and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons—A review
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Rayaroth, M. P., Lee, C.-S., Aravind, U. K., Aravindakumar, C. T., & Chang, Y.-S. (2017) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.031 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Lebik-Elhadi, H., Frontistis, Z., Ait-Amar, H., Madjene, F., & Mantzavinos, D. (2020) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2019.11.041 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zhang, B.-T., Zhang, Y., Teng, Y., & Fan, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Wyoming (US)
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Bo-Tao
- Fan, Maohong
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-11-19
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1756-1800
- ISSN
- 1064-3389 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-6537
- OpenAlex
- W2082650752
- Cited by
- 536
- References
- 183
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 17.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Advanced oxidation water treatment
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Keywords
- sulfate radicals, peroxymonosulfate, persulfate, heterogeneous catalysis, advanced oxidation processes, pollutant degradation, decontamination, radical formation mechanism
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