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Cited by 70Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesOpioid Use Disorder TreatmentHomelessness and Social Issues

Effects of Social Support and 12-Step Involvement on Recovery among People in Continuing Care for Cocaine Dependence

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Lookatch, Samantha J., Wimberly, Alexandra S., McKay, James R.·2019·Substance Use & Misuse
DOI 10.1080/10826084.2019.1638406PMC PMC6803054
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Abstract

Background: Social networks that support recovery lead to enhanced treatment outcomes and sobriety regardless if this support stems from family, peer groups or 12-Step programs. Treatment process factors including readiness to change and commitment to abstinence also impact substance use. However, little is understood about the relationship between social support to treatment process factors during and after treatment for substance use disorders. Objectives: To identify the ways in which different social networks foster substance use change in a sample of individuals with cocaine dependence from intensive outpatient programs (IOPs). Methods: Data were drawn from two studies examining adults (N = 489) with cocaine dependence in IOPs for substance use disorders collected between 2004 and 2009. Assessment data were collected at 3- to 6-month intervals from baseline to 24-months and included the University of Rhode Island change assessment questionnaire, timeline followback, thoughts about abstinence, perceived social support – friend, and family versions and analyzed using GEE and mediational analyses. Results: Greater perceived friend social support was associated with greater readiness to change whereas greater perceived familial social support was associated with substance use goal; greater social support from both friends and family were associated with less substance use. Greater AA/NA participation was associated with substance use goal and readiness to change, and less substance use. Substance use goals partially mediated the impact of social support on later substance use. Conclusions/Importance: While peer and familial support are key to sustained recovery, their impact differentially affects treatment process variables. This information could be used to inform social support treatment interventions.

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  • The quality and meaningfulness of ongoing support connections is particularly influential in goals relating to problematic substance use.

    “While the presence of ongoing support is essential for long-term success in reintegration and recidivism reduction, the quality and meaningfulness of these connections is particularly influential in goals relating to problematic substance use (Lookatch et al., 2019).”

    From Reducing criminal recidivism in Alaska: The Set Free Model (2023) · cites this paper as Lookatch et al., 2019

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

  • Reducing criminal recidivism in Alaska: The Set Free Model

    Ray, R., & Madison, A. (2023) · Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being · doi:10.35502/jcswb.331

    “While the presence of ongoing support is essential for long-term success in reintegration and recidivism reduction, the quality and meaningfulness of these connections is particularly influential in goals relating to problematic substance use (Lookatch et al., 2019).”
    Background

Authors
Lookatch, S. J., Wimberly, A. S., & McKay, J. R.
Affiliations
  • Veterans Health Administration (US)
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
Corresponding author
Lookatch, Samantha J.
ORCID
Venue
Substance Use & Misuse
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2019-07-19
Volume
54
Issue
13
Pages
2144-2155
ISSN
  • 1082-6084 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-2491
DOI
10.1080/10826084.2019.1638406
PMC
PMC6803054
OpenAlex
W2963854287
Cited by
70
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2
FWCI
3.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Substance Use & Misuse (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • NIDA (R01, 0)
  • NIAAA
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
Keywords
cocaine dependence, social support, 12-step programs, Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, intensive outpatient treatment, continuing care, readiness to change, abstinence, family support, peer support, substance use disorder recovery
MeSH terms
Adult, Counseling, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Social Support, Treatment Outcome, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Social Networking

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