How trust, mistrust and distrust shape the governance of the COVID-19 crisis
Open accessAbstract
It is commonplace to claim that trust is essential to effective governance in many contexts, including that of a public health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that trust is better understood as a family of concepts – trust, mistrust and distrust – and each of these may have different implications for the governance of COVID-19. Drawing on original measures tested through nationally representative surveys conducted in Australia, Italy, the UK and the USA between May and June 2020, we explore how these distinct types of trust are associated with citizens’ perceptions of the threat posed by COVID-19, and their behavioural responses to it. We show how public policy dynamics around the COVID-19 crisis are driven by each of the trust family members and that policymakers might gain more from promoting an information-seeking and mistrusting society, rather than a trusting one.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In political trust, Jennings et al. [48] differentiate trust and distrust by describing diverging attitudes and behaviors.
“For example, in the context of political trust, Jennings et al. [48] diferentiate these concepts by describing the diverging attitudes and behaviors that accompany trust versus distrust.”
From What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [48]
When people trust a political system, they have accompanying feelings of confidence in, and commitment toward, that system.
“Specifcally, when people trust a political system, they have accompanying feelings of confdence in, and commitment toward, that system.”
From What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [48]
Trust may inspire loyalty to a political system, while distrust can foster disengagement from or rebellion towards that system.
“While trust may inspire loyalty to a system, distrust can foster disengagement from, or even rebellion towards, that same political system.”
From What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [48]
Distrust in political systems is accompanied by negative emotions such as contempt, insecurity, fear, anger, alienation, and cynicism.
“Rather, distrust in political systems is accompanied by negative emotions, such as contempt, insecurity, fear, anger, alienation, and cynicism [48].”
From What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [48]
Distrust in political systems comes with a separate set of attitudes that are more than just the opposite of the attitudes accompanying trust.
“In contrast, these same researchers explain that distrust comes with a separate set of attitudes that are more than just the opposite of the attitudes that accompany trust [48].”
From What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [48]
Cites
Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response
Bavel, J. J. V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. N., et al. (2020) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z · Cited by 4,964 · see citing works
Norris, P. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511973383 · Cited by 2,580 · see citing works
Political Trust and Trustworthiness
Levi, M., & Stoker, L. (2000) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.475 · Cited by 2,190 · see citing works
(1999) · doi:10.1093/0198295685.001.0001 · Cited by 2,028 · see citing works
Critical citizens: global support for democratic government
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-5338 · Cited by 1,754 · see citing works
Democratic Deficit: Critical Citizens Revisited
Norris, P. (2011) · Cited by 1,276 · see citing works
The Oxford Handbook of Social and Political Trust
(2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274801.001.0001 · Cited by 912 · see citing works
The politics of crisis management : public leadership under pressure
Boin, A., Hart, P. ‘., STERN, E. K., & Sundelius, B. (2005) · Cited by 729 · see citing works
The Politics of Crisis Management
Boin, A., Hart, P. ‘., STERN, E. K., et al. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316339756 · Cited by 719 · see citing works
Mariën, S., & Hooghe, M. (2010) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01930.x · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Political Trust in a Cynical Age
Citrin, J., & Stoker, L. (2018) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050316-092550 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
Albertson, B. L., & Gadarian, S. K. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139963107 · Cited by 564 · see citing works
Devine, D., Gaskell, J., Jennings, W., & Stoker, G. (2020) · Political Studies Review · doi:10.1177/1478929920948684 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Self-citationMayne, Q., Hakhverdian, A., Zmerli, S., et al. (2017) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781782545118 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
OECD (2017) · OECD public governance reviews · doi:10.1787/9789264268920-en · Cited by 361 · see citing works
(2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511756122 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
The paradox of trust: perceived risk and public compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore
Wong, C. M. L., & Jensen, O. (2020) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2020.1756386 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Lenard, P. T. (2007) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00693.x · Cited by 283 · see citing works
(2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139600002 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant To Assertive Citizens
Welzel, C., & Dalton, R. J. (2015) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Merolla, J. L., & Zechmeister, E. J. (2009) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226520568.001.0001 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Linking Trust to Trustworthiness
O’Neill, O. (2018) · International Journal of Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1080/09672559.2018.1454637 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Risk and Crisis Management in the Public Sector
Drennan, L. T., McConnell, A., & Stark, A. (2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315816456 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Trust and public administration
Bouckaert, G. (2012) · Lirias · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Bertsou, E. (2019) · European Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s1755773919000080 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Risk and Crisis Management in the Public Sector
Drennan, L. T., Drennan, L. T., & McConnell, A. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203815304 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The Oxford handbook of social and political trust
O’Brien, T. (2019) · European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology · doi:10.1080/23254823.2019.1662622 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
(2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198783848.001.0001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Weinberg, J. (2020) · Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0032321720980900 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Trust, Distrust, and Mistrust in Multinational Democracies
(2018) · McGill-Queen's University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv4t7z81 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Trust, Distrust, and Mistrust in Multinational Democracies: Comparative Perspectives
Karmis, D., & Rocher, F. (2018) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic Review
Zhang, Y., Gaggiano, J. D., Yongsatianchot, N., Suhaimi, N. M., Kim, M., Sun, Y., Griffin, J., & Parker, A. G. (2023) · Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581019 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jennings, W., Stoker, G., Valgarðsson, V., Devine, D., & Gaskell, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Southampton (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Jennings, Will
- Venue
- Journal of European Public Policy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-06-25
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1174-1196
- ISSN
- 1350-1763 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-4429
- OpenAlex
- W3175459982
- Semantic Scholar
- c51d1bd4ee445528f333312a9db9eef24913eb11
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 54.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of European Public Policy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- ESRC (ES/S009809/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Communication and COVID-19 Impact
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Risk Perception and Management
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Public Administration and Political Analysis
- Keywords
- trust, distrust, COVID-19 pandemic, public health governance, information seeking, pandemic governance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review