The DOI matches its Crossref record; 130 of the 130 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test: Systematic review of psychometric properties and a validation study in Italy
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test (henceforth, Eyes test) is a simple but advanced Theory of Mind test, and it is widely used across different cultures. This study assessed the reliability and construct (convergent and discriminant) validity of the Eyes test in Italy. METHODS: A sample of 18- to 32-year-old undergraduate students of both sexes (N=200, males=46%) were invited to fill in the Italian version of the Eyes test, the Empathy Quotient (EQ), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (SDS). RESULTS: Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was .605. Confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence for a unidimensional model, with maximal weighted internal consistency reliability=.719. Test-retest reliability for the Eyes test, as measured by intraclass correlation coefficient, was .833 (95% confidence interval=.745 to .902). Females scored significantly higher than males on both the Eyes test and the EQ, replicating earlier work. Those participants who scored lower than 30 on the EQ (n=10) also scored lower on the Eyes test than those who did not (p<.05). Eyes test scores were not related to social desirability. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the validity of the Eyes test. Both internal consistency and test-retest stability were good for the Italian version of the Eyes test.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The test has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability [60, 61].”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [60]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, the results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggest that the division of items into an affect specific factor is a poor fit to the data (Vellante et al., 2012).”
From A psychometric analysis of the reading the mind in the eyes test: toward a brief form for research and applied settings (2015) · cites this paper as Vellante et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The internal consistency of the RMET is modest, with Cronbach’s alpha varying between 0.37 and 0.61 across cultural adaptations (Khorashad et al., 2015; Vellante et al., 2013).”
From ‘Theory of Mind’ is not Theory of Emotion: a cautionary note on the reading the Mind in the Eyes test (2016) · cites this paper as Vellante et al., 2013
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Eyes Test also does not meet assumptions of normality (Söderstrand and Almkvist, 2012; Vellante et al., 2012).”
From A psychometric analysis of the reading the mind in the eyes test: toward a brief form for research and applied settings (2015) · cites this paper as Vellante et al., 2012
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“However, the test-retest reliability of the measure is acceptable (Hallerbäck et al., 2009; Yildirim et al., 2011; Vellante et al., 2012; Prevost et al., 2014; Khorashad et al., 2015).”
From A psychometric analysis of the reading the mind in the eyes test: toward a brief form for research and applied settings (2015) · cites this paper as Vellante et al., 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193146 · Cited by 65,971
STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124192021002005 · Cited by 27,200
Testing Structural Equation Models.
Mueller, C. W., Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1994) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074955 · Cited by 14,211
Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach.
Davis, M. H. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113 · Cited by 10,272
EQS : structural equations program manual
Bentler, P. M. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 9,669
Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?
Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00076512 · Cited by 8,743
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0047358 · Cited by 8,686
Testing Structural Equation Models.
Clogg, C. C., Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1995) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2580595 · Cited by 8,246
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Adams R. B., 2009, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 98
- Baron-Cohen S., 2004, Questione di cervello: La differenza essenziale tra donne e uomini
- Baron-Cohen S., 2001, Journal of Developmental and Learning Disorders, 5, 47
- Izard C. E., 1971, The face of emotion
- Maggini C., 2004, Acta Bio Medica Ateneo Parmense, 75, 40
- Yildirim E. A., 2011, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22, 177
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Oakley, B. F. M., Brewer, R., Bird, G., & Catmur, C. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000182 · Cited by 431
Empirical failures of the claim that autistic people lack a theory of mind.
Gernsbacher, M. A., & Yergeau, M. (2019) · Archives of Scientific Psychology · doi:10.1037/arc0000067 · Cited by 295
Leisure reading and social cognition: A meta-analysis.
Mumper, M. L., & Gerrig, R. J. (2017) · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000089 · Cited by 249
Baron-Cohen, S., Bowen, D. C., Holt, R. J., Allison, C., Auyeung, B., Lombardo, M. V., Smith, P., & Lai, M.-C. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136521 · Cited by 238
Self-citationOlderbak, S., Wilhelm, O., Olaru, G., Geiger, M., Brenneman, M. W., & Roberts, R. D. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01503 · Cited by 228
Affective and cognitive empathy in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Mazza, M., Pino, M. C., Mariano, M., Tempesta, D., Ferrara, M., De Berardis, D., Masedu, F., & Valenti, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00791 · Cited by 225
Test-retest reliability of the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’ test: a one-year follow-up study
Fernández-Abascal, E. G., Cabello, R., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2013) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/2040-2392-4-33 · Cited by 187
Self-citationTheory of Mind Impairments in Social Anxiety Disorder
Hezel, D. M., & McNally, R. J. (2014) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.02.010 · Cited by 197
The role of alexithymia in the development of functional motor symptoms (conversion disorder)
Demartini, B., Petrochilos, P., Ricciardi, L., Price, G., Edwards, M. J., & Joyce, E. (2014) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2013-307203 · Cited by 147
Empathy and emotion regulation: An integrative account
Thompson, N. M., Uusberg, A., Gross, J. J., & Chakrabarti, B. (2019) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.024 · Cited by 169
Warrier, V., Grasby, K. L., Uzefovsky, F., Toro, R., Smith, P. L., Chakrabarti, B., Khadake, J., Mawbey-Adamson, E., Litterman, N. K., Hottenga, J., et al. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.122 · Cited by 153
Self-citationBuilding Social Cohesion in Ethnically Mixed Schools: An Intervention on Perspective Taking
Alan, Ş., Baysan, C., Gümren, M., & Kubilay, E. (2021) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjab009 · Cited by 146
Lindeman, M., Svedholm‐Häkkinen, A. M., & Lipsanen, J. O. (2014) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2014.09.008 · Cited by 135
Different stories: How levels of familiarity with literary and genre fiction relate to mentalizing.
Kidd, D., & Castano, E. (2017) · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000069 · Cited by 124
What is the emotional core of the multidimensional Machiavellian personality trait?
Aïn, S. A., Carré, A., Fantini‐Hauwel, C., Baudouin, J., & Besche‐Richard, C. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00454 · Cited by 133
Adenzato, M., Brambilla, M., Manenti, R., Lucia, L. D., Trojano, L., Garofalo, S., Enrici, I., & Cotelli, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep41219 · Cited by 132
Baribeau, D. A., Doyle-Thomas, K. A. R., Dupuis, A., Iaboni, A., Crosbie, J., McGinn, H., Arnold, P. D., Brian, J., Kushki, A., Nicolson, R., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2015.03.016 · Cited by 111
Greenberg, D. M., Warrier, V., Abu-Akel, A. M., Allison, C. L., Gajos, K. Z., Reinecke, K., Rentfrow, P. J., Radecki, M. A., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2022385119 · Cited by 123
Self-citationSchimmenti, A., Jonason, P. K., Passanisi, A., Marca, L. L., Dio, N. D., & Gervasi, A. M. (2017) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9588-6 · Cited by 114
Morandotti, N., Brondino, N., Merelli, A. A., Boldrini, A., Vidovich, G. Z. D., Ricciardo, S., Abbiati, V., Ambrosi, P., Caverzasi, E., Fonagy, P., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206433 · Cited by 122
Moseley, R. L., Gregory, N. J., Smith, P., Allison, C., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2019) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-019-0267-3 · Cited by 97
Self-citationPrévost, M., Carrier, M., Chowne, G., Zelkowitz, P., Joseph, L., & Gold, I. (2013) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2013.823859 · Cited by 109
Test battery for measuring the perception and recognition of facial expressions of emotion
Wilhelm, O., Hildebrandt, A., Manske, K., Schacht, A., & Sommer, W. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00404 · Cited by 112
An exploration of changes in cognitive and emotional empathy among medical students in the Caribbean
Youssef, F. F., Nunes, P., Sa, B., & Williams, S. (2014) · International Journal of Medical Education · doi:10.5116/ijme.5412.e641 · Cited by 97
Reliability and validity of advanced theory‐of‐mind measures in middle childhood and adolescence
Hayward, E. O., & Homer, B. D. (2017) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjdp.12186 · Cited by 113
Fischer, A. L., O’Rourke, N., & Thornton, W. L. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbw088 · Cited by 90
Brief Mindfulness Meditation Improves Mental State Attribution and Empathizing
Tan, L. B. G., Lo, B. C. Y., & Macrae, C. N. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110510 · Cited by 104
Groen, Y., Fuermaier, A. B. M., den Heijer, A. E., Tucha, O. M., & Althaus, M. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2448-z · Cited by 88
Kidd, D., & Castano, E. (2019) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550618775410 · Cited by 87
Recent trends in testing social cognition
Henry, J. D., Cowan, D. G., Lee, T., & Sachdev, P. S. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000139 · Cited by 86
Kittel, A. F. D., Olderbak, S. G., & Wilhelm, O. (2021) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191121996469 · Cited by 89
Adults’ responsiveness to children’s facial expressions
Aradhye, C., Vonk, J. M., & Arida, D. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2015.02.006 · Cited by 79
Preti, A., Vellante, M., & Петретто, Д. Р. (2017) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2017.1300091 · Cited by 82
Self-citationMontgomery, C. B., Allison, C. L., Lai, M., Cassidy, S., Langdon, P. E., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2698-4 · Cited by 88
Self-citationMovie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC): Spanish Validation
Lahera, G., Boada, L., Pousa, E., Mirapeix, I., Morón‐Nozaleda, M. G., Marinas, L., Gisbert, L., Pàmias, M., & Parellada, M. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2061-6 · Cited by 94
Gabriel, E. T., Oberger, R., Schmoeger, M., Deckert, M., Vockh, S., Auff, E., & Willinger, U. (2019) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-019-01263-6 · Cited by 87
On literary fiction and its effects on theory of mind
Kidd, D., Ongis, M., & Castano, E. (2016) · Scientific Study of Literature · doi:10.1075/ssol.6.1.04kid · Cited by 72
Sherman, G. D., Lerner, J. S., Renshon, J., Ma‐Kellams, C., & Joel, S. (2015) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550614567358 · Cited by 74
van der Meulen, A., Roerig, S., de Ruyter, D., van Lier, P. A. C., & Krabbendam, L. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00594 · Cited by 73
Empathy as a Function of Clinical Exposure - Reading Emotion in the Eyes
Handford, C., Lemon, J., Grimm, M., & Vollmer-Conna, U. S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065159 · Cited by 68
The role of alexithymia in social cognition: Evidence from a non-clinical population
Tella, M. D., Adenzato, M., Catmur, C., Miti, F., Castelli, L., & Ardito, R. B. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.012 · Cited by 71
Autistic traits in individuals self-defining as transgender or nonbinary
Stagg, S. D., & Vincent, J. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.06.003 · Cited by 68
van Kuijk, I., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zwaan, R. A. (2018) · Collabra: Psychology · doi:10.1525/collabra.117 · Cited by 67
Khorashad, B. S., Baron-Cohen, S., Roshan, G. M., Kazemian, M., Khazai, L., Aghili, Z., Talaei, A., & Afkhamizadeh, M. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2427-4 · Cited by 67
Self-citationKourtesis, P., Kouklari, E.-C., Ρούσσος, Π., Mantas, V., Papanikolaou, Κ., Skaloumbakas, C., & Pehlivanidis, A. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13040336 · Cited by 93
Higgins, W. C., Kaplan, D. M., Deschrijver, E., & Ross, R. M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102378 · Cited by 80
Coad, B. M., Postans, M., Hodgetts, C. J., Muhlert, N., Graham, K. S., & Lawrence, A. D. (2017) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.006 · Cited by 75
Fitzpatrick, P., Frazier, J. A., Cochran, D., Mitchell, T. V., Coleman, C., & Schmidt, R. C. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01337 · Cited by 69
The Interplay of Empathy and Individualism in Support for Social Welfare Policies
Feldman, S., Huddy, L., Wronski, J., & Lown, P. L. (2019) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12620 · Cited by 64
Rossi, S., Conti, D., Garramone, F., Santangelo, G., Staffa, M., Varrasi, S., & Nuovo, A. G. D. (2020) · Robotics · doi:10.3390/robotics9020039 · Cited by 64
What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations
Eddy, C. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00425 · Cited by 68
Metaphor creates intimacy and temporarily enhances theory of mind
Bowes, A. E., & Katz, A. N. (2015) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-015-0508-4 · Cited by 61
The relationship between alexithymia and theory of mind: A systematic review
Pisani, S., Murphy, J., Conway, J. R., Millgate, E., Catmur, C., & Bird, G. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.036 · Cited by 77
Weisman, O., Pelphrey, K. A., Leckman, J. F., Feldman, R., Lu, Y., Chong, A., Chen, Y., Monakhov, M. V., Chew, S. H., & Ebstein, R. P. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.04.007 · Cited by 62
Fossati, A., Borroni, S., Dziobek, I., Fonagy, P., & Somma, A. (2017) · Psychoanalytic Psychology · doi:10.1037/pap0000130 · Cited by 68
Kouklari, E.-C., Tsermentseli, S. K., & Monks, C. P. (2018) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579418000081 · Cited by 67
Kouklari, E.-C., Tsermentseli, S. K., & Bonnie Auyeung, B. (2018) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2018.02.015 · Cited by 67
Social anxiety in adult males with autism spectrum disorders
Spain, D., Happe, F. G. E., Johnston, P., Campbell, M., Sin, J., Daly, E., Ecker, C., Anson, M., Chaplin, E., Glaser, K., et al. (2016) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.002 · Cited by 57
Social Cognition and Emotional Functioning in Patients with Binge Eating Disorder
Aloi, M., Rania, M., Caroleo, M., Fazio, P. D., & Segura‐Garcìa, C. (2017) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2504 · Cited by 54
Theory of mind in Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis
Yi, Z., Zhao, P., Zhang, H., Shi, Y., Shi, H., Zhong, J., & Pan, P. (2020) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-019-04215-5 · Cited by 55
Pitteri, M., Genova, H. M., Lengenfelder, J., DeLuca, J., Ziccardi, S., Rossi, V., & Calabrese, M. (2019) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.030 · Cited by 54
Theory of Mind in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Lindinger, N. M., Malcolm‐Smith, S., Dodge, N. C., Molteno, C. D., Thomas, K. G. F., Meintjes, E. M., Jacobson, J. L., & Jacobson, S. W. (2016) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12961 · Cited by 57
Zainal, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.084 · Cited by 56
King, S., Holleran, L., Mothersill, D., Patlola, S. R., Rokita, K., McManus, R., Kenyon, M., McDonald, C., Hallahan, B. P., Corvin, A. P., et al. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.016 · Cited by 51
Kouklari, E.-C., Thompson, T., Monks, C. P., & Tsermentseli, S. K. (2017) · Journal of Cognition and Development · doi:10.1080/15248372.2017.1339708 · Cited by 55
Higgins, W. C., Ross, R. M., Langdon, R. A., & Polito, V. (2022) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911221124342 · Cited by 49
Meinhardt‐Injac, B., Daum, M. M., Meinhardt, G., & Persike, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00025 · Cited by 59
Balogh, N., Égerházi, A., Berecz, R., & Csukly, G. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.027 · Cited by 50
What’s in a Meow? A Study on Human Classification and Interpretation of Domestic Cat Vocalizations
Prato‐Previde, E., Cannas, S., Palestrini, C., Ingraffia, S., Battini, M., Ludovico, L. A., Ntalampiras, S., Presti, G., & Mattiello, S. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani10122390 · Cited by 51
Girolamo, M. D., Giromini, L., Winters, C. L., Serie, C., & de Ruiter, C. (2017) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2017.1389745 · Cited by 55
Riem, M. M. E., Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., Voorthuis, A., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.014 · Cited by 51
Hünefeldt, T., Laghi, F., Ortu, F., & Belardinelli, M. O. (2013) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.03.012 · Cited by 52
Stosic, M. D., Fultz, A. A., Brown, J. A., & Bernieri, F. J. (2021) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2021.1985417 · Cited by 45
Farina, E., Baglio, F., Pomati, S., D'Amico, A., Campini, I., Tella, S. D., Belloni, G., & Pozzo, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00371 · Cited by 45
Attachment and Mentalizing Abilities in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Agostini, A., Scaioli, E., Belluzzi, A., & Campieri, M. (2019) · Gastroenterology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2019/7847123 · Cited by 43
Understanding criminal behavior: Empathic impairment in criminal offenders
Mariano, M., Pino, M. C., Peretti, S., Valenti, M., & Mazza, M. (2016) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2016.1179670 · Cited by 42
Psychometric Properties of the Theory of Mind Assessment Scale in a Sample of Adolescents and Adults
Bosco, F. M., Gabbatore, I., Tirassa, M., & Testa, S. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00566 · Cited by 47
Social cognition in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Giorgi, F. S., Guida, M., Caciagli, L., Pagni, C., Pizzanelli, C., Bonanni, E., Tognoni, G., & Bonuccelli, U. (2016) · Epilepsy Research · doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.10.017 · Cited by 40
The effects of nicotine on cognition are dependent on baseline performance
Niemegeers, P., Dumont, G., Quisenaerts, C., Morrens, M., Boonzaier, J., Fransén, E., de Bruijn, E. R. A., Hulstijn, W., & Sabbe, B. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.011 · Cited by 39
Identification of mental states and interpersonal functioning in borderline personality disorder.
Berenson, K. R., Dochat, C., Martin, C. G., Yang, X., Rafaeli, E., & Downey, G. (2016) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000228 · Cited by 39
Franzen, S., Nuytemans, K., Bourdage, R., Caramelli, P., Ellajosyula, R., Finger, E. C., Illán‐Gala, I., Loi, S. M., Morhardt, D., Pijnenburg, Y. A. L., et al. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13129 · Cited by 39
Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on the Interpretation and Expression of Emotions in Anorexia Nervosa
Leppänen, J., Cardi, V., Ng, K. W., Paloyelis, Y., Stein, D. J., Tchanturia, K., & Treasure, J. L. (2017) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12458 · Cited by 43
Theory of mind ability in high socially anxious individuals
Lenton‐Brym, A. P., Moscovitch, D. A., Vidovic, V., Nilsen, E. S., & Friedman, O. (2018) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2018.1483021 · Cited by 43
Sacchetti, S., Robinson, P. H., Bogaardt, A., Clare, A., Ouellet‐Courtois, C., Luyten, P., BATEMAN, A. W., & Fonagy, P. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2112-9 · Cited by 39
Rokita, K., Dauvermann, M. R., Mothersill, D., Holleran, L., Holland, J. F., Costello, L., Cullen, C., Kane, R., McKernan, D. P., Morris, D. W., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23023 · Cited by 38
N400 differences between physical and mental metaphors: The role of Theories of Mind
Canal, P., Bischetti, L., Bertini, C., Ricci, I., Lecce, S., & Bambini, V. (2022) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105879 · Cited by 41
An IRT Analysis of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test
Black, J. E. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2018.1447946 · Cited by 44
Zanin, E., Aiello, E. N., Diana, L., Fusi, G., Bonato, M., Niang, A., Ognibene, F., Corvaglia, A., Caro, C. D., Cintoli, S., et al. (2021) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05719-9 · Cited by 37
Maddaluno, O., Aiello, E. N., Roncoroni, C., Prunas, A., & Bolognini, N. (2021) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acab100 · Cited by 37
Zarotti, N., Simpson, J., Fletcher, I. J., Squitieri, F., & Migliore, S. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.02.030 · Cited by 37
Measures of empathy in children and adolescents: A systematic review of questionnaires
Sesso, G., Brancati, G. E., Fantozzi, P., Inguaggiato, E., Milone, A., & Masi, G. (2021) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.876 · Cited by 42
Lecciso, F., Levante, A., Baruffaldi, F., & Petrocchi, S. (2016) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2016.1264127 · Cited by 35
Theory of mind as a link between oxytocin and maternal behavior
MacKinnon, A., Carter, C. S., Feeley, N., Gold, I., Hayton, B. C., Santhakumaran, S., & Zelkowitz, P. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.018 · Cited by 39
Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind across Adulthood
Raimo, S., Cropano, M., Roldán-Tapia, L., Ammendola, L., Malangone, D., & Santangelo, G. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12070899 · Cited by 35
Individual Differences in Theory of Mind Predict Inequity Aversion in Children
Tsoi, L., & McAuliffe, K. (2019) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167219867957 · Cited by 41
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene modulates individuals’ empathic ability
Gong, P., Liu, J., She, L., & Zhou, X. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst122 · Cited by 33
Spitefulness and deficits in the social–perceptual and social–cognitive components of Theory of Mind
Ewing, D., Zeigler‐Hill, V., & Vonk, J. M. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.11.050 · Cited by 37
Aydın, O., Balıkçı, K., Çökmüş, F. P., & Ünal‐Aydın, P. (2019) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2019.1623317 · Cited by 34
Lomas, T., Edginton, T. L., Cartwright, T., & Ridge, D. (2013) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/a0032191 · Cited by 34
Brambilla, M., Cotelli, M., Manenti, R., Dagani, J., Sisti, D., Rocchi, M., Balestrieri, M., Pini, S., Raimondi, S., Saviotti, F. M., et al. (2016) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.08.001 · Cited by 32
Metadata
- Authors
- Vellante, M., Baron-Cohen, S., Melis, M., Marrone, M., Petretto, D. R., Masala, C., & Preti, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Cagliari (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Preti, Antonio
- ORCID
- Preti, Antonio
- Venue
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 326-354
- ISSN
- 1354-6805 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0619
- PMC
- PMC6345369
- OpenAlex
- W2070605229
- Cited by
- 406
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (091774)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, theory of mind, psychometric validation, Italian adaptation, reliability statistics, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, empathy, alexithymia, social desirability, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Empathy, Eye, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, Social Desirability, Reproducibility of Results, Sample Size, Young Adult, Theory of Mind
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
