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Heritage Pasts and Heritage Presents: temporality, meaning and the scope of heritage studies

Harvey, David C.·2001·International Journal of Heritage Studies
DOI 10.1080/13581650120105534
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Abstract

With the apparent focus of work carried out by the heritage 'community' very much directed towards heritage practices in the present, the potential historical scope for the discipline as a whole, becomes ever-more temporally closed. This paper makes space for a longer historical analysis of the development of heritage as a process. The paper ranges over the evolution of a medieval sense of heritage and how it is related to transitions in the experience of space and place, and also explores some early modern developments in the heritage concept, relating them to societal changes associated with colonial (and post-colonial) experience. This deeper understanding of the historically contingent and embedded nature of heritage allows us to go beyond treating heritage simply as a set of problems to be solved, and enables us to engage with debates about the production of identity, power and authority throughout society.

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  • Patrimonio y poder, en una sociedad, están íntimamente ligados.

    “Patrimonio y poder, en una sociedad, están íntimamente ligados (Harvey 2001;Waterton 2010).”

    From SUPERANDO LAS DICOTOMÍAS: EL QHAPAQ ÑAN COMO EJEMPLO DEL PATRIMONIO COMO PROCESO SOCIAL (2019) · cites this paper as Harvey 2001

  • El patrimonio no es neutro, sino que está cargado de significados y estos no están contenidos en los objetos, edificios o danzas, sino en las historias que sobre ellas cuenten los diversos actores y las maneras en que se relacionan con él.

    “No es neutro, sino que está cargado de significados y estos no están contenidos en los objetos, edificios o danzas, sino en las historias que sobre ellas cuenten los diversos actores y las maneras en que se relacionan con él (Harvey 2001).”

    From SUPERANDO LAS DICOTOMÍAS: EL QHAPAQ ÑAN COMO EJEMPLO DEL PATRIMONIO COMO PROCESO SOCIAL (2019) · cites this paper as Harvey 2001

  • Existen investigadores que proponen que el patrimonio se entiende de manera dinámica y no estática, ya sea como un proceso cultural o como el espacio donde convergen las diversas dinámicas sociales y los actores negocian sus contingencias.

    “En la otra cara, existen investigadores que proponen que la forma de entender el patrimonio es de manera dinámica y no estática, ya sea como un “proceso cultural” (Smith 2006) o como el “espacio” donde convergen las diversas dinámicas sociales (Harvey 2001) y donde los actores se encuentran y negocian sus contingencias.”

    From SUPERANDO LAS DICOTOMÍAS: EL QHAPAQ ÑAN COMO EJEMPLO DEL PATRIMONIO COMO PROCESO SOCIAL (2019) · cites this paper as Harvey 2001

  • El patrimonio no es en realidad sobre el pasado, sino sobre el presente y sobre cómo usamos el pasado para fines del presente.

    “El patrimonio no es en realidad sobre el pasado, sino sobre el presente (Harvey 2001;Lowenthal 1998;Smith 2006) y sobre cómo usamos el pasado para fines del presente.”

    From SUPERANDO LAS DICOTOMÍAS: EL QHAPAQ ÑAN COMO EJEMPLO DEL PATRIMONIO COMO PROCESO SOCIAL (2019) · cites this paper as Harvey 2001

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Research works printed but not linked: 25

  1. P.J. Larkham, 'Heritage as planned and conserved', in D.T. Herbert (ed.) Heritage, tourism and society, London: Mansell, 1995, p. 85.
  2. P. Johnson & R Thomas, 'Heritage as business', in D.T. Herbert, op. cit. (note 1), p. 170; D. Lowenthal, The heritage crusade and the spoils of history, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 94.
  3. This idea is strongly resonant of ideas about the invention of tradition. See E. Hobsbawm & T. Ranger (eds) The invention of tradition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
  4. See, for instance, B.J. Graham, G.J. Ashworth & J.E. Tunbridge, A geography of heritage: power, culture, economy, London: Arnold, 2000; Lowenthal, Heritage crusade; M. Hunter (ed.) Preserving the past: the rise of heritage in modern Britain, Stroud: Sutton, 1996.
  5. J. Arnold, K. Davies & S. Ditchfield (eds) History and heritage: consuming the past in contemporary culture, Shaftesbury: Donhead, 1998; A. Gaffney, 'Monuments and memory: the Great War', in J. Arnold, K. Davies & S. Ditchfield (eds) History and heritage: consuming the past in contemporary culture, Shaftesbury: Donhead, 1998, pp. 79-89; J. Davies, 'The media iconicity of Diana, Princess of Wales', in J. Arnold, K. Davies & S. Ditchfield (eds) History and heritage: consuming the past in contemporary culture, Shaftesbury: Donhead, 1998, pp. 39-50.
  6. F. Terry-Chandler, 'Heritage and history: a special relationship?', Midland History, Vol. 24, 1999, pp. 188-193. Terry-Chandler seems to have faith in the apparent self-evident existence of a 'substantive base' for heritage studies upon which she provides no further comment. This has drawn questions on the Mailbase heritage discussion list, most specifically from Peacock (23 November 1999).
  7. Reflecting the thoughts of Tunbridge & Ashworth, 'heritage' is one of those things which everyone possesses, and which everyone will defend, seemingly without thought. J.E. Tunbridge & G.J. Ashworth, Dissonant heritage: the management of the past as a resource in conflict, Chichester: Wiley, 1996. More recently, National Lottery funding has added a further cash injection into the public profile of heritage in Britain, raising many questions about the increasingly overt politicisation of heritage management and funding.
  8. R. Samuel, Theatres of memory, Vol. 1. Past and present in contemporary culture, London: Verso, 1994; P. Wright, On living in an old country: the national past in contemporary Britain, London: Verso, 1985; D.L. Uzzell, 'Introduction', in D.L. Uzzell (ed.) Heritage interpretation, Vol. 1, London: Belhaven, 1989, pp. 1-14.
  9. J. Carmen, 'From good citizens to sound economics: the historical trajectory of the archaeological heritage', unpublished conference paper presented at 'The Idea of Heritage' conference, London Guildhall University (7-9 September 1999), p. 15.
  10. C. Miele, 'Conservation and the enemies of progress? William Morris and the myth of authenticity', unpublished conference paper presented at 'The Idea of Heritage' conference, London Guildhall University (7-9 September 1999).
  11. See, for instance, K.T. Walsh, The representation of the past: museums and heritage in the post-modern world, London: Routledge, 1992; F. Jameson, Postmodernism, or the cultural logic of late capitalism, London: Verso, 1991; U. Eco, Travels in hyper-reality, London: Picador, 1987; Hewison, 'Heritage: an interpretation'; D. Harvey, The condition of postmodernity, Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
  12. Schouten, for example, defines heritage as 'the past processed through mythology, ideology, nationalism, local pride, romantic ideas, or just plain marketing into a commodity'. F.F.J. Scheuten, 'Heritage as historical reality', in D.E. Herbert (ed.) Heritage, tourism and society, London: Mansell, 1995, pp. 21-31. Although some more 'cultural' aspects of heritage are recognised in this passage, the central place of commercialism and instrumentalist edge that is implied by Scheuten appears to overly limit the scope of the concept.
  13. D. Hardy, 'Historical geography and heritage studies', Area, Vol. 20, Na 4, 1988, pp. 333-338.
  14. F. Jameson, Postmodernism; Baudrillard, The illusion of the end, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994; Lowenthal (The heritage crusade, p. 3) relates this concept to Fukayama's notion of the 'end of history'.
  15. This school of thought, which ultimately endeavours to relate notions of time-space compression to ideas that the experience of time itself has now ended, as we are now condemned to live through an endless series of presents, is well discussed in a critical paper by Dodgshon. R.A. Dodgshon, 'Human geography at the end of time? Some thoughts on the notion of time-space compression', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Vol. 17, Na 5, 1999, pp. 607-620. · DOI
  16. N. Johnson, 'Historical geographies of the present', in B.J. Graham & C. Nash (eds) Modern historical geographies, Harlow: Prentice Hall, 2000, pp. 251-272 (p. 252). Johnson cites Collingwood's (1946) work on this point, showing that concerns were being raised about the supposed objectivity of 'proper' history more than 50 years ago.
  17. J.H. Plumb, The death of the past, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1969. · DOI
  18. In many ways, this newer conception of heritage as a 'way of seeing and being' reflects similar considerations that have transformed the field of landscape studies in recent years. See D. Cosgrove & S. Daniels (eds) The iconography of landscape, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988; S. Daniels, Fields of vision: landscape imagery and national identity in England and the United States, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993; D. Matless, Landscape and Englishness, London: Reaction Books, 1999; S. Seymour 'Historical geographies of landscape', in B.J. Graham & C. Nash (eds) Modern historical geographies, Harlow: Prentice Hall, 2000, pp. 193-217.
  19. For literature on this subject, see Graham et al., Geography of heritage; McCrone et al., Scotland-the brand; B. Anderson, Imagined communities, London: Verso, 1983; R. Fevre & A. Thompson, 'Social theory and Welsh identities', in R. Fevre & A. Thompson (eds) Nation, identity and social theory. Perspectives from Wales, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1999, pp. 3-24.
  20. Johnson, 'Memory and heritage'; Nora, 'Between memory'; E. Hobsbawm, Nations and nationalism since 1780, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  21. D. Cressy, 'National memory in early modern England', in J.R. Gillis (ed.) Commemorations: the politics of national identity, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 61-73 (p. 61). · DOI
  22. Ibid., pp. 70-71. Just 15 years after the Great Fire of London, a new inscription was added to The Monument stating that: This pillar was set up in perpetual remembrance of the most dreadful burning of this Protestant city begun and carried on by the treachery and malice of the Popish faction.'
  23. See, for instance, Hastings' slightly disappointing account. A. Hastings, The construction of nationhood, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. In a parallel case, Duby has argued that the origins of French nationhood may be found in (among other things) the heritage associated with the battle of Bouvines in 1214. The mythologising and memorialising of this battle was actively supported by the Capetian Monarchy during the later Middle Ages; G. Duby, The legend of Bouvines, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp 155-157.
  24. P. Mandler, 'Nationalising the country house', in M. Hunter (ed.) Preserving the Past, Stroud: Sutton, 1996, pp. 99-114; P. Mandler, The fall and rise of the stately home, Yale: Yale University Press, 1997.
  25. A. Boholm, 'Reinvented histories: medieval Rome as memorial landscape', Ecumene, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1997, pp. 247-272. · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Harvey, D. C.
Venue
International Journal of Heritage Studies
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2001-01
Volume
7
Issue
4
Pages
319-338
ISSN
  • 1352-7258
  • 1470-3610
DOI
10.1080/13581650120105534
Cited by
768
References
1
Language
en

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