The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using the peabody picture vocabulary test in L2 children and adolescents: effects of L1
Open accessAbstract
This study investigated to what extent the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-4) is a reliable tool for measuring vocabulary knowledge of English as a second language (L2), and to what extent L1 characteristics affect test outcomes. The PPVT-4 was administered to Dutch pupils in six different age groups (4-15 years old) who were or were not following an English educational programme at school. Our first finding was that the PPVT-4 was not a reliable measure for pupils who were correct on maximally 24 items, but it was reliable for pupils who performed better. Second, both primary-school and secondary-school pupils performed better on items for which the phonological similarity between the English word and its Dutch translation was higher. Third, young unexperienced L2 learners’ scores were predicted by Dutch lexical frequency, while older more experienced pupils’ scores were predicted by English frequency. These findings indicate that the PPVT may be inappropriate for use with L2 learners with limited L2 proficiency. Furthermore, comparisons of PPVT scores across learners with different L1s are confounded by effects of L1 frequency and L1-L2 similarity. The PPVT-4 is however a suitable measure to compare more proficient L2 learners who have the same L1.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The children who participated in this study performed better on items of the English version of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-III;Dunn & Dunn, 1997), which is a standardized measure of receptive vocabulary, if they are phonologically similar: the closer the English word and its Dutch translation are, the easier the English items are for Dutch-speaking children.”
From Cross-language distance influences receptive vocabulary outcomes of bilingual children (2020) · cites this paper as Goriot et al., 2018
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.1994.1008 · Cited by 2,656 · cited 1×
“Instead, they rely on the knowledge and the concepts that they have in their L1 (Dijkstra and Van Heuven 2002; Kroll and Stewart 1994).”
BackgroundA synthesis of empirical research on the linguistic outcomes of early foreign language instruction
Huang, B. H. (2016) · International Journal of Multilingualism · doi:10.1080/14790718.2015.1066792 · Cited by 59
Acquiring reading and vocabulary in Dutch and English: the effect of concurrent instruction
van der Leij, A., Bekebrede, J., & Kotterink, M. (2010) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-009-9207-5 · Cited by 23
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 46
- 10.1080/13803610500392160 · DOI
- Albers M., 2015, Van Dale Middelgroot Woordenboek Nederlands
- 10.1017/S1366728909990423 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1080/13670050.2016.1254152 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jecp.2011.03.012 · DOI
- 10.1017/S1366728909990204 · DOI
- 10.3758/BRM.41.4.977 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1080/13670050.2013.866627 · DOI
- 10.1080/13670050.2014.982506 · DOI
- 10.1080/10573569.2013.758943 · DOI
- 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00329 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0267190511000092 · DOI
- de Graaff R., 2015, Levende Talen Tijdschrift, 16, 3
- 10.1016/j.jml.2009.12.003 · DOI
- 10.1017/S1366728902003012 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.12963/csd.14186 · DOI
- Dunn L. M., 1959, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test
- Dunn L. M., 2007, PPVT-4 Manual
- 10.1080/13670050802149283 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.03.019 · DOI
- Heemskerk J. S., 2000, Uitspraakwoordenboek
- Jenniskens T., 2017, Zicht op vroeg vreemdetalenonderwijs
- 10.1558/cj.29519 · DOI
- Jimenez Catalan R. M., 2005, Journal of English Studies, 5, 173, 10.18172/jes.127 · DOI
- 10.3758/BRM.42.3.643 · DOI
- 10.1080/13670050.2014.960360 · DOI
- 10.3138/cmlr.3670 · DOI
- 10.1080/14790718.2012.679275 · DOI
- Lobo V. R., 2013, Teaching L2 English at a Very Early Age: A Study of Dutch Schools
- Longman, 2012, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English for Advanced Learners
- McNamara T. F., 2000, Language Testing
- 10.1016/j.tate.2006.04.024 · DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1271 · DOI
- 10.1007/978-3-319-02246-8_10 · DOI
- Pérez A. M., 2010, Early Childhood Services, 4, 55
- 10.1016/j.jecp.2011.09.008 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.jecp.2012.06.013 · DOI
- 10.1177/1367006915586586 · DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0063006 · DOI
- 10.1111/lang.12150 · DOI
- Steinlen A., 2013, Zeitschrift Für Anglistik Und Amerikanistik, 61, 215, 10.1515/zaa-2013-0303 · DOI
- Thijs A., 2011, Engels in het Basisonderwijs
- Unsworth S., 2015, Applied Linguistics, 36, 527
- 10.1080/17470218.2013.850521 · DOI
- Wells J. C., 2008, Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
- 10.1044/cicsd_42_F_202 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cross-language distance influences receptive vocabulary outcomes of bilingual children
Blom, E., Boerma, T., Bosma, E., Cornips, L., van den Heuij, K., & Timmermeister, M. (2020) · First Language · doi:10.1177/0142723719892794 · Cited by 43
Metadata
- Authors
- Goriot, C., van Hout, R., Broersma, M., Lobo, V., McQueen, J. M., & Unsworth, S.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Goriot, Claire
- Venue
- International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-08-19
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 546-568
- ISSN
- 1367-0050 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-7522
- OpenAlex
- W2888605902
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (276-89-006)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, vocabulary knowledge, English as a second language, word frequency, phonological similarity, test reliability, second language proficiency, vocabulary assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
