The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production – a review
Abstract
SummaryThis review aims to describe the nature of effective microorganisms (EM) and how EM influence the growth, yield, quality, and protection of vegetable plants. EM comprise a mixture of live natural cultures of microorganisms isolated from fertile soils that are used to improve crop production. EM technology was developed over 40 years ago by Dr. Tero Higa in Japan. How EM act and interact in the soil-plant environment to suppress plant pathogens and disease, to conserve energy, to solubilise soil minerals, to aid the balance and ecology of soil microbes, and to improve photosynthetic efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation are described. In 70% of published studies, it was concluded that EM had a positive effect on the growth of vegetables, while, in the other 30%, they had no significant influence. In this investigation, among 22 reports on the effects of EM on the yields of vegetables, 84% were positive, 4% were negative, and 12% showed no significant influence. It is concluded that EM can improve the quality and yield of vegetables by reducing the incidence of pests and diseases, and by protecting against weeds, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“It is important to note that the photosynthetic bacteria, being one of the major elements of EM, are critical in working synergistically with other microorganisms in reducing the incidence of pathogenic microorganisms as well as supporting nutritional requirements [29].”
From Environmental applications of Effective Microorganisms: a review of current knowledge and recommendations for future directions (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“Presently, EM has been adopted by over 100 countries across the globe, not on an experimentation basis but for commercial use as well as environmental management [29].”
From Environmental applications of Effective Microorganisms: a review of current knowledge and recommendations for future directions (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
Citations
Cites
Beneficial and effective microorganisms in a sustainable agriculture and environment
Higa, T., & Parr, J. F. (1995) · Cited by 291
Daly, M. J., & Stewart, D. P. C. (1999) · Journal of Sustainable Agriculture · doi:10.1300/j064v14n02_04 · Cited by 139
Xu, H.-L., Wang, R., & Mridha, M. A. U. (2001) · Journal of Crop Production · doi:10.1300/j144v03n01_15 · Cited by 99
Foliar application of effective microorganisms on pea as an alternative fertilizer
Javaid, A. (2006) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1051/agro:2006024 · Cited by 85
Javaid, A., & Bajwa, R. (2011) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY · doi:10.3906/tar-1001-599 · Cited by 78
Microorganismos eficaces: mito o realidad?
Golec, A. F. C., Pérez, P. G., & Lokare, C. (2007) · Revista Peruana de Biología · doi:10.15381/rpb.v14i2.1837 · Cited by 60
Beneficial Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture
Javaid, A. (2010) · Sustainable agriculture reviews · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8741-6_12 · Cited by 53
Daiss, N., Lobo, M., Socorro, A. R., Brückner, U., Heller, J., & González, M. (2007) · European Food Research and Technology · doi:10.1007/s00217-006-0543-2 · Cited by 50
Javaid, A. (2009) · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY · doi:10.5897/ajb09.793 · Cited by 34
Ncube, L. (2012) · African Journal of Plant Science · doi:10.5897/ajps11.249 · Cited by 32
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ncube, N. (2008). Evaluation of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Selected Vegetables in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Agribusiness, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. 156 pp.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Plant growth promoting microbes: Potential link to sustainable agriculture and environment
Naik, K., Mishra, S., Srichandan, H., Singh, P. K., & Sarangi, P. K. (2019) · Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101326 · Cited by 220
Defending Earth’s terrestrial microbiome
Averill, C., Anthony, M., Baldrián, P., Finkbeiner, F., van den Hoogen, J., Kiers, E. T., Kohout, P., Hirt, E., Smith, G. R., & Crowther, T. W. (2022) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-022-01228-3 · Cited by 199
Pandit, N. R., Schmidt, H., MULDER, J. P. M., Hale, S. E., Husson, O., & Cornelissen, G. (2019) · Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science · doi:10.1080/03650340.2019.1610168 · Cited by 128
Peddle, S. D., Hodgson, R. J., Borrett, R. J., Brachmann, S., Davies, T. C., Erickson, T. E., Liddicoat, C., Muñoz‐Rojas, M., Robinson, J. M., Watson, C. D., et al. (2024) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.13124 · Cited by 85
Manure biostabilization by effective microorganisms as a way to improve its agronomic value
Hidalgo, D., Corona, F., & Martín-Marroquín, J. M. (2022) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-022-02428-x · Cited by 69
Metadata
- Authors
- Olle, M., & Williams, I. H.
- Affiliations
- Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge (EE)
- Estonian University of Life Sciences (EE)
- Corresponding author
- Olle, M.
- ORCID
- Olle, M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 380-386
- ISSN
- 1462-0316 (ISSN-L)
- 2380-4084
- OpenAlex
- W2335016577
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
- Keywords
- effective microorganisms, vegetable production, plant growth promotion, crop yield, vegetable quality, plant disease suppression, biological control, weed suppression, soil microbial ecology, nitrogen fixation, photosynthetic efficiency, sustainable agriculture
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production – a review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/14620316.2013.11512979
- The paper
- Olle, M., & Williams, I. H. (2013). Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production – a review. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2013.11512979
