Cited by 129Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop ManagementPlant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityPlant Growth Enhancement Techniques

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Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production – a review

Olle, M., Williams, I. H.·2013·The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

DOI 10.1080/14620316.2013.11512979

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Abstract

SummaryThis review aims to describe the nature of effective microorganisms (EM) and how EM influence the growth, yield, quality, and protection of vegetable plants. EM comprise a mixture of live natural cultures of microorganisms isolated from fertile soils that are used to improve crop production. EM technology was developed over 40 years ago by Dr. Tero Higa in Japan. How EM act and interact in the soil-plant environment to suppress plant pathogens and disease, to conserve energy, to solubilise soil minerals, to aid the balance and ecology of soil microbes, and to improve photosynthetic efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation are described. In 70% of published studies, it was concluded that EM had a positive effect on the growth of vegetables, while, in the other 30%, they had no significant influence. In this investigation, among 22 reports on the effects of EM on the yields of vegetables, 84% were positive, 4% were negative, and 12% showed no significant influence. It is concluded that EM can improve the quality and yield of vegetables by reducing the incidence of pests and diseases, and by protecting against weeds, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture.

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Beneficial and effective microorganisms in a sustainable agriculture and environment
Higa, T., & Parr, J. F. (1995) · Cited by 291
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Ncube, N. (2008). Evaluation of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Selected Vegetables in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Agribusiness, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. 156 pp.

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Authors: Olle, M., & Williams, I. H.
Affiliations: Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge (EE)
Estonian University of Life Sciences (EE)
Corresponding author: Olle, M.
ORCID: Olle, M.
Venue: The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2013-01
Volume: 88
Issue: 4
Pages: 380-386
ISSN: 1462-0316 (ISSN-L)
2380-4084
DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2013.11512979
OpenAlex: W2335016577
Cited by: 129
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 0.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
Keywords: effective microorganisms, vegetable production, plant growth promotion, crop yield, vegetable quality, plant disease suppression, biological control, weed suppression, soil microbial ecology, nitrogen fixation, photosynthetic efficiency, sustainable agriculture

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Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production – a review

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