Protease inhibitor therapy for hepatitis C virus-infection
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) has affected an estimated of 80 million individuals worldwide and is a strain on public health. Around 25-30% of patients in Europe and the US who are infected with HIV are coinfected with HCV. Prior to 2013, treatment modalities containing an NS3/4A protease inhibitor in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin improved sustained virological response (SVR) rates. However, rates of severe side effects were high. Nowadays, oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combination therapy offers excellent treatment efficacy, safety and tolerability. AREAS COVERED: This review focuses on the current literature and clinical evidence and their impact regarding NS3/4A protease inhibitors. The pitfalls encountered in treating HIV- and HBV-coinfected patients are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION: In the era of DAA treatment, third-generation pan-genotypic NS3/4A protease inhibitors (mainly glecaprevir and voxilaprevir) show high antiviral activity and a genetic resistance barrier with cure rates of over 95% when combined with an NS5A inhibitor, irrespective of baseline resistance associated variants (RASs) being present. These new key components of DAA combination therapy are impressive options to eradicate HCV in the so-called difficult-to-treat population (e.g. compensated cirrhosis, end-stage renal disease and patients who failed previous DAA treatment).
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α-Ketoamide-based covalent inhibitors have been developed to treat HCV by inhibiting NS3/4a.
“α-Ketoamide-based covalent inhibitors have been developed to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through inhibiting NS3/4a”
From Advances in covalent drug discovery (2022) · cites this paper as [107]
NS3/4a is a serine protease that cleaves the HCV polyprotein into non-structural proteins required for replication.
“NS3/4a — a serine protease that cleaves the HCV polyprotein into multiple non-structural proteins required for replication107.”
From Advances in covalent drug discovery (2022) · cites this paper as [107]
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BindingDB Entry 50004309: Targeting the protease of West Nile virus.
BindingDB (2024) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q27948vx
BindingDB Entry 50007918: Drugs for the Treatment of Zika Virus Infection.
BindingDB (2021) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2rx9gfs
BindingDB Entry 50007904: Synthetic Approaches to the New Drugs Approved During 2017.
BindingDB (2021) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2sx6hk5
BindingDB Entry 50010800: Inhibitors of the Zika virus protease NS2B-NS3.
BindingDB (2021) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q27m0cgt
- Authors
- de Leuw, P., & Stephan, C.
- Affiliations
- Medical Clinic II, Infectious Diseases Unit, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Hospital Frankfurt (DE)
- ORCID
- Stephan, C.
- Venue
- Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-03-29
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 577-587
- ISSN
- 1465-6566 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-7666
- OpenAlex
- W2795355022
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- not funded
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, NS3/4A protease inhibitors, direct-acting antivirals, glecaprevir, voxilaprevir, NS5A inhibitors, HIV coinfection, hepatitis B coinfection, resistance-associated variants, sustained virological response, difficult-to-treat patients, end-stage renal disease, compensated cirrhosis, pegylated interferon and ribavirin
- MeSH terms
- Hepatitis C, Humans, Protease Inhibitors, Hepacivirus
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