The DOI matches its Crossref record; 164 of the 164 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intracerebral hemorrhage: an update on diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
Introduction: Spontaneous non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is most often caused by small vessel diseases: deep perforator arteriopathy (hypertensive arteriopathy) or cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Although ICH accounts for only 10–15% of all strokes it causes a high proportion of stroke mortality and morbidity, with few proven effective acute or preventive treatments.Areas covered: We conducted a literature search on etiology, diagnosis, treatment, management and current clinical trials in ICH. In this review, We describe the causes, diagnosis (including new brain imaging biomarkers), classification, pathophysiological understanding, treatment (medical and surgical), and secondary prevention of ICH.Expert opinion: In recent years, significant advances have been made in deciphering causes, understanding pathophysiology, and improving acute treatment and prevention of ICH. However, the clinical outcome remains poor and many challenges remain. Acute interventions delivered rapidly (including medical therapies – targeting hematoma expansion, hemoglobin toxicity, inflammation, edema, anticoagulant reversal – and minimally invasive surgery) are likely to improve acute outcomes. Improved classification of the underlying arteriopathies (from neuroimaging and genetic studies) and prognosis should allow tailored prevention strategies (including sustained blood pressure control and optimized antithrombotic therapy) to further improve longer-term outcome in this devastating disease.
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Cites
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
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The ICH Score: A Simple, Reliable Grading Scale for Intracerebral Hemorrhage
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hostettler, I. C., Seiffge, D. J., & Werring, D. J.
- Venue
- Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-06-12
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 679-694
- ISSN
- 1473-7175 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-8360
- OpenAlex
- W2953015363
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 164
- FWCI
- 17.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Hostettler, I. C., Seiffge, D. J., & Werring, D. J. (2019). Intracerebral hemorrhage: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2019.1623671
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
