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Code-Switching and Symbolic Power in a Second-Grade Two-Way Classroom: A Teacher's Motivation System Gone Awry
Abstract
Code-switching is a natural part of being bilingual. Yet two-way immersion programs are known to insist upon separation of languages, discouraging both teachers and students from drawing on both linguistic codes at once. Drawing on Bourdieu's concept of symbolic power, I examine one second-grade classroom in which the teacher instituted a motivation system to discourage code-switching. The children continue to code-switch as they find ways to draw upon all their linguistic resources. However, the system offers them a tool for manipulating symbolic power in the classroom. The conclusion agrees with recent research in encouraging teachers to allow conversational code-switches while expecting students to produce monolingual spoken and written texts where appropriate.
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“When teachers hold language ideologies that emphasize standard forms of language and marginalize non-standard English, they can compromise literacy and language outcomes for EBs by limiting the possibility of them drawing from their full linguistic repertoire (García, 2009b; Palmer, 2009)”
From "We Want Them All to Speak in English … So, no Spanish": Preservice Teachers’ Language Ideologies Towards Emergent Bilinguals (2023) · cites this paper as Palmer, 2009
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Research works printed but not linked: 31
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Metadata
- Authors
- Palmer, D. K.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Palmer, Deborah K.
- ORCID
- Palmer, Deborah K.
- Venue
- Bilingual Research Journal
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-06-10
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 42-59
- ISSN
- 1523-5882 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-5890
- OpenAlex
- W2155805975
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 14.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bilingual Research Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Multilingual Education and Policy
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Second Language Learning and Teaching
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Keywords
- code-switching, symbolic power, two-way immersion, bilingual education, second grade, Pierre Bourdieu, language separation, teacher practices
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