Emergence and Diversification of the Neolithic in Southern Vietnam: Insights From Coastal Rach Nui
Abstract
We examine the southern Vietnamese site of Rach Nui, dated to between 3390 and 3850 cal BP, in the context of three major aspects of the Neolithic in Mainland Southeast Asia: mound formation and chronology, construction techniques, and subsistence economy. Results indicate that this ca. 75 m in diameter, 5 m high mound, comprising over a dozen phases of earthen platforms, upon which were raised sophisticated wooden structures, was built in <200 years. While consuming domesticated millet, rice, and occasionally dogs and pigs, the main subsistence orientation included managed tubers and fruits and a range of mangrove ecosystem taxa: catfishes, turtles, crocodiles, monitor lizards, macaques and langurs, to name a few. This combined vegeculture-foraging lifeway in a mangrove forested environment, likely in the context of a tradable goods extractive industry, adds to a growing picture of significant diversity, and sophisticated construction skills in the Southeast Asian Neolithic.
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Zooarchaeological records in Neolithic Vietnam show evidence for the hunting of wetland birds but lack remains of Gallus.
“Although there is confirmation of early rice farming near coastal areas and in low-lying wetlands (86, 94), the zooarchaeological records in Neolithic Vietnam, for example, show evidence for the hunting of wetland birds, but lack remains of Gallus (97).”
From The biocultural origins and dispersal of domestic chickens (2022) · cites this paper as [97]
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The biocultural origins and dispersal of domestic chickens
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“Although there is confirmation of early rice farming near coastal areas and in low-lying wetlands (86, 94), the zooarchaeological records in Neolithic Vietnam, for example, show evidence for the hunting of wetland birds, but lack remains of Gallus (97).”
Background
- Authors
- Oxenham, M. F., Piper, P. J., Bellwood, P., Bui, C. H., Nguyen, K. T. K., Nguyen, Q. M., Campos, F., Castillo, C., Wood, R., Sarjeant, C., Amano, N., Willis, A., & Ceron, J.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- University College London (GB)
- University of the Philippines Manila (PH)
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Oxenham, Marc F.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-02-13
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 309-338
- ISSN
- 1556-1828 (ISSN-L)
- 1556-4894
- OpenAlex
- W2049663639
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 11.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/K003402/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Social Sciences › Geography, Planning and Development › Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Archaeological and Geological Studies
- Keywords
- Neolithic, southern Vietnam, mound formation, construction techniques, subsistence economy, mangrove fauna, rice, tubers, foraging, tradable goods, Mainland Southeast Asia, coastal archaeology
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