Cited by 218Wood Treatment and PropertiesMasonry and Concrete Structural AnalysisCultural Heritage Management and Preservation

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Guidelines for On-Site Assessment of Historic Timber Structures

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Cruz, Helena, Yeomans, David, Tsakanika, Eleftheria, Macchioni, Nicola, Jorissen, Andre, Touza, Manuel, Mannucci, Massimo, Lourenço, Paulo B.·2015·International Journal of Architectural Heritage

DOI 10.1080/15583058.2013.774070

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Abstract

In the scope of European Cooperation in Science and Technology–Wood Science for Conservation of Cultural Heritage (COST IE0601–WoodCultHer) (available at http://www.woodculther.org) it was agreed to produce Guidelines for the Assessment of Historic Timber Structures, covering the principles and possible approaches for the safety assessment of old timber structures of historical relevance that could be used as the basis for possible European Standards, as discussed with CEN/TC346 (Conservation of Cultural Heritage).This approach was targeted at all those concerned with the conservation of heritage buildings. These guidelines should also help decision-making regarding the need for immediate safety measures. The aim is to guarantee that inspection and assessment measures provide the necessary data for historical analysis, structural safety assessment, and planning of intervention works, while having minimal impact on the building fabric (the original materials, structural systems, and techniques).This article provides information on the criteria to be used in the assessment of load-bearing timber structures in heritage buildings. It covers the preliminary assessment (desk survey, preliminary visual survey, measured survey, structural analysis, and preliminary report), as well as the detailed survey of timbers (with a special emphasis on visual strength grading on site) and carpentry joints. The subsequent diagnostic report and the detailed design of repairs are outside its scope.

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International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Turner, B. (2003) · doi:10.1057/9780230271326_102 · Cited by 2,957
Assessment of Timber Structures.
Brüninghoff, H., Dietsch, P., Köhler, J., Kreuzinger, H., Srpčič, J., Steiger, R., Tannert, T., Hösl, M., Fink, G., & Köhler, J. (2010) · Cited by 16

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Research works printed but not linked: 14

Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione [Italian Organization for Standardization] (UNI), 2004, UNI 11119: Cultural heritage–wooden artefacts–load-bearing structures. On-site inspections for the diagnosis of timber members
European Committee for Standardisation, EN 335-2: Durability of wood and wood-based products—Definition of use classes—Part 2: Application to solid wood
European Committee for Standardisation, EN 338: Structural timber—Strength classes
European Committee for Standardisation, EN 1001-2: Durability of wood and wood based products—Terminology—Part 2: Vocabulary
European Committee for Standardisation, EN 1912: Structural timber—Strength classes—Assignment of visual grades and species
European Committee for Standardisation, 1995, EN 1995-1-1: Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures—Part 1-1: General—Common rules and rules for buildings
English Heritage, 1992, Conservation Bulletin. June 18, October 1992. Floor loads and historic buildings
Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione [Italian Organization for Standardization] (UNI), 2004. UNI 11118: Cultural heritage—Wooden artefacts—Criteria for the identification of the wood species
Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione [Italian Organization for Standardization] (UNI), 2004, UNI 11138: Cultural heritage—Wooden artefacts—Building load bearing structures—Criteria for the preliminary evaluation, the design and the execution of works
Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione [Italian Organization for Standardization] (UNI), 2005, UNI 11161: Cultural heritage—Wooden artefacts—Guideline for conservation, restoration and maintenance
International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB)/CIB Commission W023, 2010, CIB Publication 335: Guide for the Structural rehabilitation of Heritage buildings
International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), 1999, Principles for the preservation of historic timber structures
International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)/International Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage (ISCARSAH), 2003, ICOMOS/ISCARSAH Charter: Principles for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage
International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)/International Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage (ISCARSAH), 2005, Recommendations for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage

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Authors: Cruz, H., Yeomans, D., Tsakanika, E., Macchioni, N., Jorissen, A., Touza, M., Mannucci, M., & Lourenço, P. B.
Affiliations: National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (PT)
National Technical University of Athens (GR)
Istituto per la Valorizzazione del Legno e delle Specie Arboree (IT)
Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
University of Minho (PT)
Corresponding author: Cruz, Helena
ORCID: Cruz, Helena
Macchioni, Nicola
Lourenço, Paulo B.
Venue: International Journal of Architectural Heritage
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2014-11-25
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Pages: 277-289
ISSN: 1558-3058 (ISSN-L)
1558-3066
DOI: 10.1080/15583058.2013.774070
OpenAlex: W2079446554
Cited by: 218
References: 2
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7
FWCI: 22.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.tue.nl
Licence: other-oa
Locations: International Journal of Architectural Heritage (publishedVersion)
TU/e Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Wood Treatment and Properties
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Masonry and Concrete Structural Analysis
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
Keywords: historic timber structures, on-site evaluation, structural safety assessment, heritage building conservation, load-bearing timber structures, carpentry joints, visual surveys, structural analysis, non-invasive inspection, repair planning

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Guidelines for On-Site Assessment of Historic Timber Structures

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