Post-processing treatments to enhance additively manufactured polymeric parts: A review
Open accessAbstract
The potential of additive manufacturing to produce optimised and customized polymeric parts is often impaired by poor surface finish, low mechanical properties, and insufficient dimensional accuracy. Post-processing treatments are usually adopted to address these issues. Scientific community and industrial actors are engaged in the development and use of post-processing to enhance the performance and widen the range of application of polymeric components manufactured by additive technologies.The present work aims to provide an exhaustive classification and discussion of the post-processing treatments, as well as an extensive literature review of the approaches proposed within the scientific community. A holistic view of post-processing is provided, including a discussion of the benefits associated with each technique as well as its side effects. This work is intended to support the selection of the most appropriate post-processing by considering multiple aspects such as the material, part geometry, processing time, costs, and treatment specificity.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Cites
Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges
Ngo, T. D., Kashani, A., Imbalzano, G., Nguyen, K. T. Q., & Hui, D. (2018) · Composites Part B: Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.02.012 · Cited by 8,431 · see citing works
Additive manufacturing: scientific and technological challenges, market uptake and opportunities
Tofail, S. A. M., Koumoulos, E. P., Bandyopadhyay, A. K., Bose, S., O’Donoghue, L., & Charitidis, C. A. (2017) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2017.07.001 · Cited by 2,166 · see citing works
Mechanical characterization of 3D-printed polymers
Dizon, J. R. C., Espera, A. H., Chen, Q., & Advíncula, R. C. (2017) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2017.12.002 · Cited by 1,361 · see citing works
Fundamentals and applications of 3D printing for novel materials
Lee, J., An, J., & Chua, C. K. (2017) · Applied Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.apmt.2017.02.004 · Cited by 1,360 · see citing works
Wickramasinghe, S., Do, T., & Tran, P. (2020) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym12071529 · Cited by 1,095 · see citing works
Material issues in additive manufacturing: A review
Singh, S., Ramakrishna, S., & Singh, R. (2016) · Journal of Manufacturing Processes · doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.11.006 · Cited by 918 · see citing works
International Journal of Engineering and Technology
(2022) · International Journal of Engineering and Technology · doi:10.21817/ijet · Cited by 869 · see citing works
Binder jetting: A review of process, materials, and methods
Ziaee, M., & Crane, N. B. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.05.031 · Cited by 826 · see citing works
Turner, B. N., & Gold, S. A. (2015) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-02-2013-0017 · Cited by 771 · see citing works
Making sense of 3-D printing: Creating a map of additive manufacturing products and services
Conner, B., Manogharan, G. P., Martof, A. N., Rodomsky, L. M., Rodomsky, C. M., Jordan, D. C., & Limperos, J. W. (2014) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2014.08.005 · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Classification Archaeological Fragments into Groups
Rasheed, N. A., Nordin, M. J., Dakheel, A. H., Nados, W. L., & Maaroof, M. K. A. (2017) · Research Journal of Applied Sciences Engineering and Technology · doi:10.19026/rjaset.14.5072 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review
Pan, C., Han, Y., & Lu, J. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10186374 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Dependence of mechanical properties of polyamide components on build parameters in the SLS process
Caulfield, B. M., McHugh, P. E., & Lohfeld, S. (2006) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.09.007 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Shanmugam, V., Das, O., Babu, K., Uthayakumar, M., Arumugaprabu, V., Johnson, D. J., Neisiany, R. E., Hedenqvist, M. S., Ramakrishna, S., & Berto, F. (2020) · International Journal of Fatigue · doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106007 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Perez, A. R. T., Shemelya, C. M., English, J. D., Lin, Y., Wicker, R. B., & Roberson, D. A. (2015) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2015.02.001 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Experimental study aiming to enhance the surface finish of fused deposition modeled parts
Galantucci, L. M., Lavecchia, F., & Percoco, G. (2009) · CIRP Annals · doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2009.03.071 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Improvement of surface finish by staircase machining in fused deposition modeling
Pandey, P. M., Reddy, N. V., & Dhande, S. G. (2002) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(02)00953-6 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Mechanical Property Optimization of FDM PLA in Shear with Multiple Objectives
Torres, J., Cotelo, J., Karl, J., & Gordon, A. P. (2015) · JOM · doi:10.1007/s11837-015-1367-y · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Kumbhar, N. N., & Mulay, A. V. (2016) · Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India) Series C · doi:10.1007/s40032-016-0340-z · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Bhandari, S., Lopez-Anido, R. A., & Gardner, D. J. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100922 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Effects of layer thickness and binder saturation level parameters on 3D printing process
Vaezi, M., & Chua, C. K. (2010) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-010-2821-1 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Accuracy of medical models made by additive manufacturing (rapid manufacturing)
Salmi, M., Paloheimo, K., Tuomi, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.041 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Plating on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastic: a review
Olivera, S., Muralidhara, H. B., Venkatesh, K., Gopalakrishna, K., & Vivek, C. S. (2016) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-015-9668-7 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Kishore, V., Ajinjeru, C., Nycz, A., Post, B., Lindahl, J. M., Kunc, V., & Duty, C. (2016) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2016.11.008 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Zareiyan, B., & Khoshnevis, B. (2017) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.013 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
The potential to enhance membrane module design with 3D printing technology
Lee, J., Tan, W. S., An, J., et al. (2015) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2015.11.008 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
On reducing anisotropy in 3D printed polymers via ionizing radiation
Shaffer, S., Yang, K., Vargas, J. I., et al. (2014) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.054 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Materials perspective of polymers for additive manufacturing with selective laser sintering
Schmid, M., Amado, A., & Wegener, K. (2014) · Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources · doi:10.1557/jmr.2014.138 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Chung, H., & Das, S. (2006) · Materials Science and Engineering A · doi:10.1016/j.msea.2006.07.112 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Chohan, J. S., & Singh, R. (2017) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-05-2015-0059 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Assessing and Reducing the Toxicity of 3D-Printed Parts
Oskui, S. M., Diamante, G., Liao, C., Shi, W. F., Gan, J. J., Schlenk, D., & Grover, W. H. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00249 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Galantucci, L. M., Lavecchia, F., & Percoco, G. (2010) · CIRP Annals · doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2010.03.074 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Design and analysis of strut-based lattice structures for vibration isolation
Syam, W. P., Wu, J., Zhao, B., et al. (2017) · Precision Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.precisioneng.2017.09.010 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Hart, K. R., Dunn, R. M., Sietins, J. M., Mock, C., Mackay, M. E., & Wetzel, E. D. (2018) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2018.04.024 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Chen, H., & Zhao, Y. F. (2016) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-11-2014-0149 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
McCullough, E. J., & Yadavalli, V. K. (2013) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.12.015 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
On Surface Finish and Dimensional Accuracy of FDM Parts after Cold Vapor Treatment
Garg, A., Bhattacharya, A., & Batish, A. (2015) · Materials and Manufacturing Processes · doi:10.1080/10426914.2015.1070425 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Chohan, J. S., Singh, R., Boparai, K. S., Penna, R., & Fraternali, F. (2017) · Composites Part B Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.02.045 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Lee, J., Nagalingam, A. P., & Yeo, S. H. (2020) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452759.2020.1830346 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Uzcategui, A. C., Muralidharan, A., Ferguson, V. L., Bryant, S. J., & McLeod, R. R. (2018) · Advanced Engineering Materials · doi:10.1002/adem.201800876 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Finishing of Fused Deposition Modeling parts by CNC machining
Boschetto, A., Bottini, L., & Veniali, F. (2016) · Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2016.03.004 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Garg, A., Bhattacharya, A., & Batish, A. (2016) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-016-9257-1 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Additive manufacturing. General principles. Terminology
(2016) · doi:10.3403/30331378 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Jayanth, N., Senthil, P., & Prakash, C. (2018) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452759.2018.1449565 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Introduction to Additive Manufacturing
Bourell, D. L., & Wohlers, T. T. (2020) · ASM International eBooks · doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006555 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Lee, K.-M., Park, H., Kim, J., et al. (2018) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.10.205 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Camardella, L. T., Vilella, O. D. V., & Breuning, H. (2017) · American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics · doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.012 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Design and development of nanofinishing process for 3D surfaces using ball end MR finishing tool
Singh, A. K., Jha, S., & Pandey, P. M. (2010) · International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture · doi:10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.10.002 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
A review of the fatigue behavior of 3D printed polymers
Safai, L., Cuellar, J. S., Smit, G., & ZADPOOR, A. A. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.03.023 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
PolyJet technology for product prototyping: Tensile strength and surface roughness properties
Cazón, A., Camo, P. M., & Matey, L. (2014) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture · doi:10.1177/0954405413518515 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Investigation for surface finish improvement of FDM parts by vapor smoothing process
Singh, R., Singh, S., Singh, I. P., et al. (2016) · Composites Part B Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.11.062 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Abrasive flow finishing of stereolithography prototypes
Williams, R. E., & Melton, V. L. (1998) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/13552549810207279 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Roughness prediction in coupled operations of fused deposition modeling and barrel finishing
Boschetto, A., & Bottini, L. (2015) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.12.021 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Li, L., & Zhao, J. (2018) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2018.12.009 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Singh, S., Singh, M., Prakash, C., et al. (2019) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-018-03276-8 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Beal, V. E., Paggi, R. A., Salmoria, G. V., et al. (2009) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.30329 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Surface improvement of fused deposition modeling parts by barrel finishing
Boschetto, A., & Bottini, L. (2015) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-10-2013-0105 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Nanocomposites: A Literature Review
Medellin, A., Du, W., Miao, G., et al. (2019) · Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing · doi:10.1115/1.4044288 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Mechanism of material removal in ball end magnetorheological finishing process
Singh, A. K., Jha, S., & Pandey, P. M. (2012) · Wear · doi:10.1016/j.wear.2012.11.082 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Metel, A. S., Stebulyanin, M. M., Fedorov, S., et al. (2018) · Technologies · doi:10.3390/technologies7010005 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Selective electroplating of 3D printed parts
Angel, K., Tsang, H. H., Bedair, S. S., et al. (2018) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2018.01.006 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Puerta, A. P. V., Batista, M., Fernández-Vidal, S. R., et al. (2019) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym11030566 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Jin, Y., Wan, Y., Zhang, B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.10.003 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Laser assisted finishing process for improved surface finish of fused deposition modelled parts
Taufik, M., & Jain, P. K. (2017) · Journal of Manufacturing Processes · doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.09.020 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Laser polishing of thermoplastics fabricated using fused deposition modelling
Chai, Y., Li, R., Perriman, D. M., et al. (2018) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-018-1901-5 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Surface roughness of FDM parts after post-processing with acetone vapor bath smoothing process
Lalehpour, A., Janeteas, C., & Barari, A. (2017) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-017-1165-5 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
An experimental and theoretical investigation of surface roughness of poly-jet printed parts
Kumar, K. V. N. G., & Kumar, G. S. (2015) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452759.2014.999218 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
On the Integration of Layered Manufacturing and Material Removal Processes
Kulkarni, P., & Dutta, D. (1999) · Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.538891 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Guo, J., Bai, J., Liu, K., et al. (2017) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.10.048 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Leite, M., Varanda, A., Ribeiro, A. R., et al. (2017) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-04-2016-0057 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nanofinishing of FDM-fabricated components using ball end magnetorheological finishing process
Kumar, A., Alam, Z., Khan, D. A., et al. (2018) · Materials and Manufacturing Processes · doi:10.1080/10426914.2018.1512136 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Effect of ionising radiation on the mechanical and structural properties of 3D printed plastics
Wady, P., Wasilewski, A., Brock, L., et al. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100907 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Polishing of fused deposition modeling products by hot air jet: Evaluation of surface roughness
Adel, M. M., Abdelaal, O., Gad, A. M. M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.07.019 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Post-processing of FDM parts to improve surface and thermal properties
Nguyen, T. K., & Lee, B. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-12-2016-0207 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Development of translucent FDM parts by post‐processing
Ahn, S., Lee, C. S., & Jeong, W.-B. (2004) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/13552540410551333 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Li, G., Zhao, J. X., Jiang, J., et al. (2018) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-018-1789-0 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Abrasive flow finishing of FDM printed parts using a sustainable media
Mali, H. S., Pathri, B. P., Gupta, D., et al. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-10-2017-0199 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Chen, L., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., et al. (2019) · Polymer Composites · doi:10.1002/pc.25459 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Abrasive jet deburring of jewellery models built by stereolithography apparatus (SLA)
Leong, K. F., Chua, C. K., Chua, G. S., et al. (1998) · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(98)00041-7 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The mechanical and photoelastic properties of 3D printable stress-visualized materials
Li, W., Ju, Y., Xie, H., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11433-4 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Ravoori, D., Prajapati, H., Talluru, V., et al. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.06.006 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Chen, L., Zhang, X., & Gan, S. (2019) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.48288 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Current status and application of abrasive flow finishing processes: A review
Mali, H. S., & Manna, A. (2009) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture · doi:10.1243/09544054jem1311 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
West, C., McTaggart, R., Letcher, T. M., Raynie, D. E., & Roy, R. (2019) · Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.4042581 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Singh, J., Singh, R., & Singh, H. (2016) · Measurement · doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.07.064 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Effect of post-processing on the dimensional accuracy of small plastic additive manufactured parts
Nsengimana, J., der Walt, J. V., Pei, E., et al. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-09-2016-0153 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Fernández, S., Jiménez, M., Porras, J. A., Romero, L., Escudero, M. D. M. E., & Somonte, M. D. (2015) · Journal of Mechanical Design · doi:10.1115/1.4032089 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Suwanprateeb, J. (2005) · Polymer International · doi:10.1002/pi.1918 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Plasma and Radiation-Induced Graft Modification of Polymers for Biomedical Applications
Gupta, B., & Anjum, N. (2003) · Advances in polymer science · doi:10.1007/3-540-45668-6_2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Chohan, J. S., Singh, R., & Boparai, K. S. (2016) · Measurement · doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.09.001 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Colpani, A., Fiorentino, A., & Ceretti, E. (2019) · Production Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11740-019-00894-3 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Gao, H., Kaweesa, D. V., Moore, J., et al. (2016) · JOM · doi:10.1007/s11837-016-2214-5 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Improving bending and dynamic mechanics performance of 3D printing through ultrasonic strengthening
Wu, W., Jiang, J., Jiang, H., et al. (2018) · Materials Letters · doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2018.03.048 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Zhang, S.-U., Han, J., & Kang, H. (2017) · International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing · doi:10.1007/s12541-017-0091-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Impact of vapor polishing on surface quality and mechanical properties of extruded ABS
Neff, C., Trapuzzano, M. A., & Crane, N. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-03-2017-0039 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Polishing mechanism for ABS parts fabricated by additive manufacturing
Kuo, C.-C., Chen, C.-M., & Chang, S.-X. (2016) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-016-9845-0 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Prajapati, H., Chalise, D., Ravoori, D., et al. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.01.004 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Improved mechanical properties of 3D-printed SiC/PLA composite parts by microwave heating
Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Gu, H., et al. (2019) · Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources · doi:10.1557/jmr.2019.296 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Metallization on FDM Parts Using the Chemical Deposition Technique
Equbal, A., & Sood, A. K. (2014) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings4030574 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Effects of electroplating on the mechanical properties of stereolithography and laser sintered parts
Saleh, N., Hopkinson, N., Hague, R., et al. (2004) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/13552540410562340 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
CNC-assisted selective melting for improved surface finish of FDM parts
Taufik, M., & Jain, P. K. (2016) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452759.2016.1245943 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Bonada, J., Muguruza, A., Fernández‐Francos, X., et al. (2017) · Procedia Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.182 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Effect of protective coatings on the water absorption and mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA
Vicente, C. M. S., Fernandes, J. C. S., de Deus, A. M., Vaz, M. F., Leite, M., & Reis, L. G. (2019) · Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale · doi:10.3221/igf-esis.48.68 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Virtual hybrid-FDM system to enhance surface finish
Pandey, P. M., Reddy, N. V., & Dhande, S. G. (2006) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452750600763905 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
MATERIALS: ENGINEERING, SCIENCE, PROCESSING AND DESIGN
Mackay, S. (2011) · Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Construction Materials · doi:10.1680/coma.1000013 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Analysis of the influence of chemical treatment to the strength and surface roughness of FDM
Hambali, R. H., Cheong, K. M., & Azizan, N. (2017) · IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1088/1757-899x/210/1/012063 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Materials Science and Engineering - An Introduction (5th edition)
(1999) · Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology · doi:10.1108/aeat.1999.12771fae.004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Failure of polymer coated nylon parts produced by additive manufacturing
Miguel, M., Leite, M., Ribeiro, A. M. R., et al. (2019) · Engineering Failure Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.04.005 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Jo, K.-H., Jeong, Y.-S., Lee, J., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing · doi:10.1007/s12541-016-0180-z · Cited by 35 · see citing works
A robust ink deposition system for binder jetting and material jetting
Shen, X., & Naguib, H. E. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100820 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Rankouhi, B., Javadpour, S., Delfanian, F., et al. (2018) · Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance · doi:10.1007/s11665-018-3463-y · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Feng, X., Yang, Z., Rostom, S., et al. (2017) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.10.050 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Enhancement of surface reflectivity of fused deposition modeling parts by post-processing
Chen, Y., Wang, Y.-H., & Tsai, J.-C. (2018) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2018.07.011 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A review report on the plating process of fused deposition modelling (FDM) built parts
Akhouri, D., Banerjee, D., & Mishra, S. B. (2020) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.461 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Analysis of Sealing Methods for FDM-fabricated Parts
Mireles, J., Adame, A., Espalin, D., et al. (2011) · Texas Digital Library (University of Texas) · doi:10.26153/tsw/15287 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Dewey, M. P., & Ulutan, D. (2017) · doi:10.1115/msec2017-3024 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Strengthening of plasma treated 3D printed ABS through epoxy infiltration
Zaldivar, R. J., McLouth, T. D., Patel, D. N., et al. (2017) · Progress in Additive Manufacturing · doi:10.1007/s40964-017-0032-0 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Water-based coatings for 3D printed parts
Zhu, J. J., Chen, J. L., Lade, R. K., et al. (2015) · Journal of Coatings Technology and Research · doi:10.1007/s11998-015-9710-3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Finishing of SLS-Parts for Rapid Manufacturing (RM) - A Comprehensive Approach
Schmid, M., Simon, C., & Levy, G. N. (2009) · doi:10.26153/tsw/15081 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Impens, D., & Urbanic, J. (2015) · IFAC-PapersOnLine · doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.06.156 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Impact of chemical finishing on laser-sintered nylon 12 materials
Crane, N., Ni, Q., Ellis, A., et al. (2016) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2016.10.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Optimizing Surface Texture and Coating Thickness of Nickel Coated ABS-3D Parts
Khan, M. S., Mishra, S. B., Kumar, M. A., et al. (2018) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.252 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Syam, W. P., Rybalcenko, K., Gaio, A., Crabtree, J., & Leach, R. (2019) · Optics and Lasers in Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2019.04.015 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ayres, T. J., Sama, S. R., Joshi, S. B., & Manogharan, G. P. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100885 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Minimizing voids for a material extrusion-based process
Eiliat, H., & Urbanic, J. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-05-2017-0092 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Cotabarren, I. M., Palla, C. A., McCue, C., et al. (2019) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-03-2019-0060 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Additive Manufacturing of Heterogeneous Lattice Structures: An Experimental Exploration
Leonardi, F., Graziosi, S., Casati, R., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Engineering Design · doi:10.1017/dsi.2019.71 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ellis, A., Brown, R., & Hopkinson, N. (2015) · Surface Topography Metrology and Properties · doi:10.1088/2051-672x/3/3/034005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Barone, S., Neri, P., Orsi, S., et al. (2020) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101105 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign and Fabrication of Customized Tracheal Stents by Additive Manufacturing
Colpani, A., Fiorentino, A., & Ceretti, E. (2020) · Procedia Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.318 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Development of translucent and strong three dimensional printing models
Suwanprateeb, J., & Suwanpreuk, W. (2009) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/13552540910925063 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Improving surface roughness of the 3D printed part using electroless plating
Dixit, N. K., Srivastava, R., & Narain, R. (2017) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L Journal of Materials Design and Applications · doi:10.1177/1464420717719920 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Lavecchia, F., Percoco, G., Pei, E., et al. (2018) · Advances in Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1155/2018/9037490 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Arun, K., Aravindh, K., Raja, K., et al. (2018) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.299 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Protective coating materials on nylon substrate by sol–gel
de Campos, B. M., Bandeira, L. C., Calefi, P. S., et al. (2011) · Virtual and Physical Prototyping · doi:10.1080/17452759.2010.491938 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Impens, D., & Urbanic, J. (2016) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-02-2015-0018 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Neff, C., Rojas-Nastrucci, E. A., Nussbaum, J. T., et al. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Components Packaging and Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1109/tcpmt.2019.2910791 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Determination of optimum SLA process parameters of H-shaped parts
Khorasani, E. R., & Baseri, H. (2013) · Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s12206-013-0111-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Fischer, M. A., & Schöppner, V. (2013) · doi:10.26153/tsw/15609 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Singh, R., & Trivedi, A. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section A Physical Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40010-017-0367-4 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Set-Up of an Experimental Procedure for the Surface Smoothing of FDM Parts through Acetone Vapor
Coppola, A., Impero, F., Ruggiero, C., et al. (2019) · Key engineering materials · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.447 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Graf, D., Neermann, S., Stuber, L., et al. (2018) · doi:10.1109/icmid.2018.8526995 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Electroless plating of copper on different shaped ABS parts: A comparison
Equbal, A., & Sood, A. K. (2014) · International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization · doi:10.11127/ijammc.2014.03.05 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Design of the desktop vapor polisher with acetone vapor absorption mechanism
Xu, K., Xi, T., & Liu, C. (2019) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1303/1/012061 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Properties Enhancement of Carbon PA 3D-Printed Parts by Post-processing Coating-Based Treatments
Barone, S., Neri, P., Orsi, S., et al. (2019) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31154-4_71 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationWjesundera, P., Schutte, J., & Potgieter, J. (2017) · International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP) · doi:10.1109/m2vip.2017.8211520 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Additive manufacturing of reflective optics: evaluating finishing methods
Leuteritz, G., & Lachmayer, R. (2018) · doi:10.1117/12.2289998 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A comprehensive review of lunar-based manufacturing and construction
Azami, M., Kazemi, Z., Moazen, S., Dubé, M., Potvin, M.-J., & Skonieczny, K. (2024) · Progress in Aerospace Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101045 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Towards Sustainability in Hydraulic Machinery Manufacturing by 3D Printing
Remache, A., Pérez-Sánchez, M., Hidalgo, V. H., Ramos, H. M., & Sánchez-Romero, F.-J. (2024) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr12122664 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ahmed, R., Dola, I. S., Ahmed, S., Rahman, M. M., Shanto, T. A., & Taylor, R. (2026) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-026-18078-6 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tamburrino, F., Barone, S., Paoli, A., & Razionale, A. V.
- Affiliations
- University of Pisa (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Tamburrino, F.
- Venue
- Virtual and Physical Prototyping
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-03-04
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 221-254
- ISSN
- 1745-2759 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-2767
- OpenAlex
- W3158674982
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 148
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 5.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Virtual and Physical Prototyping (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Injection Molding Process and Properties
- Keywords
- post-processing treatments, additive manufacturing, polymer parts, surface finish, mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy, part geometry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review