Cited by 180Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ResearchSports injuries and preventionCardiovascular Effects of Exercise

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ALS in Italian professional soccer players: The risk is still present and could be soccer-specific

Chiò, Adriano, Calvo, Andrea, Dossena, Maurizia, Ghiglione, Paolo, Mutani, Roberto, Mora, Gabriele·2009·Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

DOI 10.1080/17482960902721634

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Abstract

We previously found an increased risk for ALS in Italian professional soccer players actively engaged between 1970 and 2001 (n =7325). The present study extends previous work with a prospective follow-up of the original cohort to 2006 and investigates the risk of ALS in two other cohorts of professional athletes, basketball players (n =1973) and road cyclists (n =1701). Standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) were calculated. Among soccer players three new cases of ALS were identified, reaching a total of eight ALS cases (mean age of onset, 41.6 years). The number of expected cases was 1.24, with an SMR of 6.45 (95% CI 2.78-12.70; p<0.00001). The risk of ALS was higher for careers lasting >5 years, for midfielders, and for players engaged after 1980. No basketball player and no cyclist developed ALS. This prospective extension of the Italian soccer players cohort survey confirms the highly significant risk of developing ALS, the young age of onset, the dose-effect risk and a predilection for midfielders. The absence of ALS cases in professional road cyclists and basketball players indicates that ALS is not related to physical activity per se.

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Authors: Chiò, A., Calvo, A., Dossena, M., Ghiglione, P., Mutani, R., & Mora, G.
Affiliations: University of Turin (IT)
University of Pavia (IT)
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri (IT)
Corresponding author: Chiò, Adriano
ORCID: Chiò, Adriano
Calvo, Andrea
Dossena, Maurizia
Mora, Gabriele
Venue: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2009-01
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Pages: 205-209
ISSN: 1471-180X (ISSN-L)
1748-2968
DOI: 10.1080/17482960902721634
OpenAlex: W2162616806
Cited by: 180
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 7.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Ministero della Salute
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
Keywords: professional football players, basketball players, road cyclists, standardized morbidity ratio, dose-response relationship, age of onset, career length, physical activity
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Basketball, Bicycling, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Risk Factors, Soccer, Age of Onset, Young Adult

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ALS in Italian professional soccer players: The risk is still present and could be soccer-specific

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