Cited by 202Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesSleep and Wakefulness ResearchFunctional Brain Connectivity Studies

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Cortical reactivity and effective connectivity during REM sleep in humans

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Massimini, M., Ferrarelli, F., Murphy, M. J., Huber, R., Riedner, B. A., Casarotto, S., Tononi, G.·2010·Cognitive Neuroscience

DOI 10.1080/17588921003731578PMC PMC2930263

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Abstract

We recorded the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during the first rapid eye movement (REM) sleep episode of the night and we compared them with the responses obtained during previous wakefulness and NREM sleep. Confirming previous findings, upon falling into NREM sleep, cortical activations became more local and stereotypical, indicating a significant impairment of the intracortical dialogue. During REM sleep, a state in which subjects regain consciousness but are almost paralyzed, TMS triggered more widespread and differentiated patterns of cortical activation, that were similar to the ones observed in wakefulness. Similarly, TMS/hd-EEG may be used to probe the internal dialogue of the thalamocortical system in brain injured patients that are unable to move and communicate.

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Authors: Massimini, M., Ferrarelli, F., Murphy, M. J., Huber, R., Riedner, B. A., Casarotto, S., & Tononi, G.
Affiliations: University of Milan (IT)
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author: Tononi, G.
ORCID: Massimini, M.
Ferrarelli, F.
Huber, R.
Riedner, B. A.
Casarotto, S.
Tononi, G.
Venue: Cognitive Neuroscience
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2010-08-18
Volume: 1
Issue: 3
Pages: 176-183
ISSN: 1758-8928 (ISSN-L)
1758-8936
DOI: 10.1080/17588921003731578
PMC: PMC2930263
OpenAlex: W2007400818
Cited by: 202
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 10.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (DP1OD000579)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Keywords: REM sleep, NREM sleep, cortical reactivity, effective connectivity, transcranial magnetic stimulation, EEG, thalamocortical system, brain injury

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Cortical reactivity and effective connectivity during REM sleep in humans

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