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Cited by 51Bacteriophages and microbial interactionsGut microbiota and healthMicrobial Community Ecology and Physiology

Effects of bacteriophages on gut microbiome functionality

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Kurilovich, Elena, Geva-Zatorsky, Naama·2025·Gut Microbes
DOI 10.1080/19490976.2025.2481178PMC PMC11959909
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Abstract

The gut microbiome, composed of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance of human health. Emerging evidence suggests that microbiome disruptions can have far-reaching implications, ranging from the development of inflammatory diseases and cancer to metabolic disorders. Bacteriophages, or "phages", are viruses that specifically infect bacterial cells, and their interactions with the gut microbiome are receiving increased attention. Despite the recently revived interest in the gut phageome, it is still considered the "dark matter" of the gut, with more than 80% of viral genomes remaining uncharacterized. Today, research is focused on understanding the mechanisms by which phages influence the gut microbiota and their potential applications. Bacteriophages may regulate the relative abundance of bacterial communities, affect bacterial functions in various ways, and modulate mammalian host immunity. This review explores how phages can regulate bacterial functionality, particularly in gut commensals and pathogens, emphasizing their role in gut health and disease.

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  • Phages reshape tumor-associated bacterial communities.

    “Indirectly, phages reshape tumor-associated bacterial communities, depleting protumorigenic taxa and altering microbial metabolites that regulate inflammation, genotoxic stress, and therapeutic response [20–23]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [22]

    The Phage applications section (page not provided) reports that a silver-nanoparticle-coated M13 phage eliminated the colorectal-cancer-associated bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum in a mouse model. This supports phage-mediated targeting of a tumor-associated bacterium, but the passage does not establish broader reshaping of tumor-associated bacterial communities. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Phages alter microbial metabolites that regulate inflammation, genotoxic stress, and therapeutic response.

    “Indirectly, phages reshape tumor-associated bacterial communities, depleting protumorigenic taxa and altering microbial metabolites that regulate inflammation, genotoxic stress, and therapeutic response [20–23]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [22]

    The ‘Gut lytic phages’ section (page unavailable) reports that phages change the gut microbiota metabolome. ‘Phage applications’ (page unavailable) describes phage-mediated elimination of a colorectal-cancer-associated bacterium and an enhanced antitumor immune response. The paper does not establish that the altered metabolites regulate inflammation, genotoxic stress, or therapeutic response. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Phages deplete protumorigenic taxa.

    “Indirectly, phages reshape tumor-associated bacterial communities, depleting protumorigenic taxa and altering microbial metabolites that regulate inflammation, genotoxic stress, and therapeutic response [20–23]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [22]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kurilovich, E., & Geva-Zatorsky, N.
Affiliations
  • Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
  • Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
ORCID
Venue
Gut Microbes
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2025-03-31
Volume
17
Issue
1
Pages
2481178-2481178
ISSN
  • 1949-0976 (ISSN-L)
  • 1949-0984
DOI
10.1080/19490976.2025.2481178
PMC
PMC11959909
OpenAlex
W4409086163
Cited by
51
References
10
Citations by year
2026: 36 · 2025: 15
FWCI
5.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Gut Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Israeli Science Foundation (3165/20)
  • CIFAR (FL-00969/FL-01245/FL-01381)
  • European Union (18712)
  • Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center
  • European Research Council
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Keywords
bacteriophages, gut microbiota, phageome, gut phageome, phage-bacteria interactions, gut commensals, gut pathogens, host immunity, gut health, inflammatory diseases, cancer, metabolic disorders
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Bacteriophages, Humans, Gastrointestinal Tract

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