What’s in a name? A data-driven method to identify optimal psychotherapy classifications to advance treatment research on co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders
Open accessAbstract
Background/Objective: The present study leveraged the expertise of an international group of posttraumatic stress and substance use disorder (PTSD+SUD) intervention researchers to identify which methods of categorizing interventions which target SUD, PTSD, or PTSD+SUD for populations with both PTSD+SUD may be optimal for advancing future systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and comparative effectiveness studies which strive to compare effects across a broad variety of psychotherapy types. Method: A two-step process was used to evaluate the categorization terminology. First, we searched the literature for pre-existing categories of PTSD+SUD interventions from PTSD+SUD clinical trials, systematic and literature reviews. Then, we surveyed international trauma and substance use subject matter experts about their opinions on pre-existing intervention categorization and ideal categorization nomenclature. Results: = 27) revealed that interventions for PTSD+SUD can be classified in many ways that appear to overlap highly with one another. Many experts (11/27; 41%) selected the categories of 'trauma-focused and non-trauma focused' as an optimal way to distinguish treatment types. Although several experts reinforced this point during the subsequent meeting, it became clear that no method of categorizing treatments is without flaws. Conclusion: One possible categorization (trauma-focused/non-trauma focused) was identified. Revised language and nomenclature for classification of PTSD+SUD treatments are needed in order to accommodate the needs of this advancing field.
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TF treatment is an effective option for treating PTSD+SUD comorbidity.
“The finding that those with baseline cannabis use achieved greater reductions in PTSD severity from TF versus non-TF treatment bolsters findings from recent research indicating that baseline substance use should not prevent provision of TF therapies (Kline et al., 2023), and supports TF treatment as an effective option for treating PTSD+SUD comorbidity (Hien et al., 2022).”
From Cannabis use and trauma-focused treatment for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis of individual patient data (2024) · cites this paper as Hien et al., 2022
A PTSD severity score was created from clinical interviews and self-report measures using an Integrative Data Analysis/Moderated NonLinear Factor Analysis framework.
“Using an Integrative Data Analysis/Moderated NonLinear Factor Analysis (IDA/MNLFA) framework (Bauer, 2017; Hussong et al., 2020), a PTSD severity score was created from clinical interviews and self-report measures used to assess PTSD in the individual parent studies (Hien et al., 2022).”
From Cannabis use and trauma-focused treatment for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis of individual patient data (2024) · cites this paper as Hien et al., 2022
The Method (Phase 2: survey of experts; page unavailable) describes surveying PTSD+SUD researchers, and the Results (page unavailable) report intervention classifications. Searches for IDA/MNLFA and for a PTSD severity score derived from clinical interviews and self-report measures found no passage addressing that score or its construction. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Hien, D. A., Fitzpatrick, S., Saavedra, L. M., Ebrahimi, C. T., Norman, S. B., Tripp, J., Ruglass, L. M., Lopez-Castro, T., Killeen, T. K., Back, S. E., & Morgan-López, A. A.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- York University (CA)
- RTI International (US)
- The New School (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Department of Psychology, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Corresponding author
- Hien, Denise A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Psychotraumatology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-12-22
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2001191-2001191
- ISSN
- 2000-8066 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8725709
- OpenAlex
- W4200070159
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- European Journal of Psychotraumatology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA025853)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- trauma-focused psychotherapy, addiction treatment, expert survey, comparative effectiveness research, systematic reviews and meta-analyses
- MeSH terms
- Expert Testimony, Humans, Terminology as Topic, Psychotherapy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Substance-Related Disorders
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