The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comprehensive toxicity and immunogenicity studies reveal minimal effects in mice following sustained dosing of extracellular vesicles derived from HEK293T cells
Open accessAbstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are under evaluation as therapeutics or as vehicles for drug delivery. Preclinical studies of EVs often use mice or other animal models to assess efficacy and disposition. However, as most EVs under evaluation are derived from human cells, they may elicit immune responses which may contribute to toxicities or enhanced EV clearance. Furthermore, EVs from different cell sources or EVs comprising various cargo may differ with respect to immunogenicity or toxicity. To assess EV‐induced immune response and toxicity, we dosed C57BL/6 mice with EVs intravenously and intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. EVs were harvested from wild type or engineered HEK293T cells which were modified to produce EVs loaded with miR‐199a‐3p and chimeric proteins. Blood was collected to assess hematology, blood chemistry, and immune markers. Spleen cells were immunophenotyped, and tissues were harvested for gross necropsy and histopathological examination. No signs of toxicity were observed, and minimal evidence of changes in immune markers were noted in mice dosed with engineered, but not with wild type EVs. This study provides a framework for assessment of immunogenicity and toxicity that will be required as EVs from varying cell sources are tested within numerous animal models and eventually in humans.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001) · Methods · doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262 · Cited by 180,860
Self-citationValadi, H., Ekström, K., Bossios, A., Sjöstrand, M., Lee, J. J., & Lötvall, J. O. (2007) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1596 · Cited by 12,834
Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes
Alvarez-Erviti, L., Seow, Y., Yin, H., Betts, C., Lakhal, S., & Wood, M. J. A. (2011) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.1807 · Cited by 4,930
Wiklander, O. P. B., Nordin, J. Z., O'Loughlin, A., Gustafsson, Y., Corso, G., Mäger, I., Vader, P., Lee, Y., Sork, H., Seow, Y., et al. (2015) · Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · doi:10.3402/jev.v4.26316 · Cited by 1,730
Ha, D., Yang, N., & Nadithe, V. (2016) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2016.02.001 · Cited by 1,346
Johnsen, K. B., Gudbergsson, J. M., Skov, M. N., Pilgaard, L., Moos, T., & Duroux, M. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.04.005 · Cited by 704
Jaeger, L. B., Dohgu, S., Sultana, R., Lynch, J. L., Owen, J. B., Erickson, M. A., Shah, G. N., Price, T. O., Fleegal-Demotta, M. A., Butterfiled, D. A., et al. (2009) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.01.017 · Cited by 281
Safety and immunotoxicity assessment of immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies
Brennan, F. R., Morton, L. D., Spindeldreher, S., Kiessling, A., Allenspach, R., Hey, A., Müller, P., Frings, W., & Sims, J. (2010) · mAbs · doi:10.4161/mabs.2.3.11782 · Cited by 250
Cited by
The biology , function , and biomedical applications of exosomes
Kalluri, R., & LeBleu, V. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aau6977 · Cited by 10,770
“cells and epithelial cells do not induce toxicity when repeatedly injected in mice (35, 57).”
Extracellular vesicles as a next-generation drug delivery platform
Herrmann, I. K., Wood, M. J. A., & Fuhrmann, G. (2021) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-021-00931-2 · Cited by 1,948
RNA delivery by extracellular vesicles in mammalian cells and its applications
O’Brien, K., Breyne, K., Ughetto, S., Laurent, L. C., & Breakefield, X. O. (2020) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-020-0251-y · Cited by 1,811
Advances in therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles
Wiklander, O. P. B., Brennan, M. Á., Lötvall, J., Breakefield, X. O., & EL Andaloussi, S. (2019) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aav8521 · Cited by 1,039
Song, Y., Li, Z., He, T., Qu, M., Jiang, L., Li, W., Shi, X., Pan, J., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., et al. (2019) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.30879 · Cited by 487
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhu, X., Badawi, M., Pomeroy, S., Sutaria, D. S., Xie, Z., Baek, A., Jiang, J., Elgamal, O. A., Mo, X., La Perle, K., Chalmers, J., Schmittgen, T. D., & Phelps, M. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1324730-1324730
- ISSN
- 2001-3078 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2621533948
- Cited by
- 582
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 9.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Comprehensive toxicity and immunogenicity studies reveal minimal effects in mice following sustained dosing of extracellular vesicles derived from HEK293T cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/20013078.2017.1324730
- The paper
- Zhu, X., Badawi, M., Pomeroy, S., Sutaria, D. S., Xie, Z., Baek, A., Jiang, J., Elgamal, O. A., Mo, X., La Perle, K., Chalmers, J., Schmittgen, T. D., & Phelps, M. A. (2017). Comprehensive toxicity and immunogenicity studies reveal minimal effects in mice following sustained dosing of extracellular vesicles derived from HEK293T cells. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. https://doi.org/10.1080/20013078.2017.1324730
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
