The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glioblastoma stem cell-derived exosomes induce M2 macrophages and PD-L1 expression on human monocytes
Open accessAbstract
Exosomes can mediate a dynamic method of communication between malignancies, including those sequestered in the central nervous system and the immune system. We sought to determine whether exosomes from glioblastoma (GBM)-derived stem cells (GSCs) can induce immunosuppression. We report that GSC-derived exosomes (GDEs) have a predilection for monocytes, the precursor to macrophages. The GDEs traverse the monocyte cytoplasm, cause a reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, and skew monocytes toward the immune suppresive M2 phenotype, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the GDEs contain a variety of components, including members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway that functionally mediate this immune suppressive switch. Western blot analysis revealed that upregulation of PD-L1 in GSC exosome-treated monocytes and GBM-patient-infiltrating CD14+ cells predominantly correlates with increased phosphorylation of STAT3, and in some cases, with phosphorylated p70S6 kinase and Erk1/2. Cumulatively, these data indicate that GDEs are secreted GBM-released factors that are potent modulators of the GBM-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas
Sica, A., & Mantovani, A. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci59643 · Cited by 6,335
Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes from Cell Culture Supernatants and Biological Fluids
Théry, C., Amigorena, S., Raposo, G., & Clayton, A. (2006) · Current Protocols in Cell Biology · doi:10.1002/0471143030.cb0322s30 · Cited by 5,766
Skog, J., Würdinger, T., van Rijn, S., Meijer, D. H., Gainche, L., Curry, W. T., Carter, B. S., Krichevsky, A. M., & Breakefield, X. O. (2008) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1800 · Cited by 5,001
Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease
Wynn, T. A., Chawla, A., & Pollard, J. W. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12034 · Cited by 4,684 · cited 1×
“Macrophages constitute 20% of all myeloid cells infiltrating glioblastoma(16) and likely originate from the differentation of peripheral monocytes recruited by a variety of tumor-derived signals.(17) The macrophage can become polarized to the classical proinflammatory M1 phenotype or the tumor-supportive/”
BackgroundSTATs in cancer inflammation and immunity: a leading role for STAT3
Yu, H., Pardoll, D., & Jove, R. (2009) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2734 · Cited by 4,383
Routes and mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake
Mulcahy, L. A., Pink, R. C., & Carter, D. R. F. (2014) · Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · doi:10.3402/jev.v3.24641 · Cited by 2,832
Exosomes – vesicular carriers for intercellular communication
Simons, M., & Raposo, G. (2009) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.03.007 · Cited by 2,351
Crosstalk between cancer and immune cells: role of STAT3 in the tumour microenvironment
Yu, H., Kortylewski, M., & Pardoll, D. (2007) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1995 · Cited by 1,804
Tumor-derived exosomes are a source of shared tumor rejection antigens for CTL cross-priming
Wolfers, J., Lozier, A., Raposo, G., Regnault, A., Théry, C., Masurier, C., Flament, C., Pouzieux, S., Faure, F., Tursz, T., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/85438 · Cited by 1,640
Chalmin, F., Ladoire, S., Mignot, G., Vincent, J., Bruchard, M., Remy-Martin, J.-P., Boireau, W., Rouleau, A., Simon, B., Lanneau, D., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci40483 · Cited by 998
Cited by
The biology , function , and biomedical applications of exosomes
Kalluri, R., & LeBleu, V. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aau6977 · Cited by 10,770
“Exosomal HSP72 (heat shock protein 70 kDa protein 1) can triggermyeloidderived suppressor cell activation by STAT3 (91), and exosomes derived from glioblastoma stem cells induce a STAT3-mediated immunosuppressive (M2 type) switch of macrophage phenotype (92), which would limit antitumoral immune response in the tumor…”
Self-citationRole of the tumor microenvironment in PD-L1/PD-1-mediated tumor immune escape
Jiang, X., Wang, J., Deng, X., Xiong, F., Ge, J., Xiang, B., Wu, X., Ma, J., Zhou, M., Li, X., et al. (2019) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-018-0928-4 · Cited by 1,457
Self-citationExosomes in cancer development, metastasis, and immunity
Zhang, L., & Yu, D. (2019) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.04.004 · Cited by 870
The importance of exosomal PDL1 in tumour immune evasion
Daassi, D., Mahoney, K. M., & Freeman, G. J. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0264-y · Cited by 598
Cancer stem cell–immune cell crosstalk in tumour progression
Bayik, D., & Lathia, J. D. (2021) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41568-021-00366-w · Cited by 561
Metadata
- Authors
- Gabrusiewicz, K., Li, X., Wei, J., Hashimoto, Y., Marisetty, A. L., Ott, M., Wang, F., Hawke, D., Yu, J., Healy, L. M., Hossain, A., Akers, J. C., Maiti, S. N., Yamashita, S., Shimizu, Y., Dunner, K., Zal, M. A., Burks, J. K., Gumin, J., Nwajei, F., Rezavanian, A., Zhou, S., Rao, G., Sawaya, R., Fuller, G. N., Huse, J. T., Antel, J. P., Li, S., Cooper, L., Sulman, E. P., Chen, C., Geula, C., Kalluri, R., Zal, T., & Heimberger, A. B.
- Venue
- OncoImmunology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-01-16
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e1412909-e1412909
- ISSN
- 2162-4011 (ISSN-L)
- 2162-402X
- OpenAlex
- W2774491730
- Cited by
- 348
- References
- 50
- FWCI
- 8.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Glioblastoma stem cell-derived exosomes induce M2 macrophages and PD-L1 expression on human monocytes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/2162402x.2017.1412909
- The paper
- Gabrusiewicz, K., Li, X., Wei, J., Hashimoto, Y., Marisetty, A. L., Ott, M., Wang, F., Hawke, D., Yu, J., Healy, L. M., Hossain, A., Akers, J. C., Maiti, S. N., Yamashita, S., Shimizu, Y., Dunner, K., Zal, M. A., Burks, J. K., Gumin, J., . . . Heimberger, A. B. (2018). Glioblastoma stem cell-derived exosomes induce M2 macrophages and PD-L1 expression on human monocytes. OncoImmunology. https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402x.2017.1412909
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
