The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: clinical implications and future considerations
Open accessAbstract
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a cell surface receptor that functions as a T cell checkpoint and plays a central role in regulating T cell exhaustion. Binding of PD-1 to its ligand, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), activates downstream signaling pathways and inhibits T cell activation. Moreover abnormally high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells in the tumor microenvironment mediates tumor immune escape, and the development of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies has recently become a hot topic in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the structure of PD-1 and PD-L1, the function of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, the application of PD-1 or PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies and future directions for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with combination therapies. Cancer immunotherapy using PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade may require more studies, and this approach may be curative for patients with many types of cancer in the future.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
PD-1 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Breast Cancer
Hartkopf, A. D., Taran, F.-A., Wallwiener, M., Walter, C. B., Krämer, B., Grischke, E.-M., & Brucker, S. Y. (2016) · Breast Care · doi:10.1159/000453569 · Cited by 30,845
Adverse Renal Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Narrative Review
Wanchoo, R., Karam, S., Uppal, N. N., Barta, V. S., Deray, G., Devoe, C., Launay-Vacher, V., Jhaveri, K. D., & on behalf of Cancer and Kidney International Network Workgroup on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (2017) · American Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1159/000455014 · Cited by 15,256
Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Squamous-Cell Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Brahmer, J., Reckamp, K. L., Baas, P., Crinò, L., Eberhardt, W. E. E., Poddubskaya, E., Antonia, S., Pluzanski, A., Vokes, E. E., Holgado, E., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1504627 · Cited by 8,447
Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Rizvi, N. A., Hellmann, M. D., Snyder, A., Kvistborg, P., Makarov, V., Havel, J. J., Lee, W., Yuan, J., Wong, P., Ho, T. S., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa1348 · Cited by 7,802
Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade
Ribas, A., & Wolchok, J. D. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar4060 · Cited by 6,791
Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade
Le, D. T., Durham, J. N., Smith, K. N., Wang, H., Bartlett, B. R., Aulakh, L. K., Lu, S., Kemberling, H., Wilt, C., Luber, B. S., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan6733 · Cited by 6,645
Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Garon, E. B., Rizvi, N. A., Hui, R., Leighl, N., Balmanoukian, A. S., Eder, J. P., Patnaik, A., Aggarwal, C., Gubens, M., Horn, L., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1501824 · Cited by 6,198
Pembrolizumab versus Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
Robert, C., Schachter, J., Long, G. V., Arance, A., Grob, J. J., Mortier, L., Daud, A., Carlino, M. S., McNeil, C., Lotem, M., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1503093 · Cited by 5,887
Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Routy, B., Le Chatelier, E., Derosa, L., Duong, C. P. M., Alou, M. T., Daillère, R., Fluckiger, A., Messaoudene, M., Rauber, C., Roberti, M. P., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan3706 · Cited by 5,671
Nivolumab in Previously Untreated Melanoma without BRAF Mutation
Robert, C., Long, G. V., Brady, B., Dutriaux, C., Maio, M., Mortier, L., Hassel, J. C., Rutkowski, P., McNeil, C., Kalinka-Warzocha, E., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1412082 · Cited by 5,519
Cited by
Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers
Lin, X., Kang, K., Chen, P., Zeng, Z., Li, G., Xiong, W., Yi, M., & Xiang, B. (2024) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-024-02023-w · Cited by 784
Cell-cell communication: New insights and clinical implications
Su, J., Song, Y., Zhu, Z., Huang, X., Fan, J., Qiao, J., & Mao, F. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01888-z · Cited by 433
Exosomal PD‐L1: New Insights Into Tumor Immune Escape Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
Zhou, K., Guo, S., Li, F., Sun, Q., & Liang, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.569219 · Cited by 99
Immunotherapy via PD-L1–presenting biomaterials leads to long-term islet graft survival
Coronel, M. M., Martin, K. E., Hunckler, M. D., Barber, G., O’Neill, E. B., Medina, J. D., Opri, E., McClain, C. A., Batra, L., Weaver, J. D., et al. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba5573 · Cited by 89
Abaza, A., Sid Idris, F., Anis Shaikh, H., Vahora, I., Moparthi, K. P., Al Rushaidi, M. T., Muddam, M. R., Obajeun, O. A., Jaramillo, A. P., & Khan, S. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.44582 · Cited by 59
Metadata
- Authors
- Jiang, Y., Chen, M., Nie, H., & Yuan, Y.
- Venue
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-03-19
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1111-1122
- ISSN
- 2164-5515 (ISSN-L)
- 2164-554X
- OpenAlex
- W2925030036
- Cited by
- 640
- References
- 85
- FWCI
- 17.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: clinical implications and future considerations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/21645515.2019.1571892
- The paper
- Jiang, Y., Chen, M., Nie, H., & Yuan, Y. (2019). PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: clinical implications and future considerations. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1571892
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
