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Comparison of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire with the Horne-Östberg's Morningness-Eveningness Score
Abstract
We report on results from an Internet survey of sleeping habits in a Dutch population using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), supplemented with the Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). The MCTQ was completed by 5,055 responders, of which 2,481 also completed the MEQ. MEQ score correlated well with the MCTQ assessment of time of mid-sleep on free days (MSF; r = - 0.73) and on workdays (MSW; r = - 0.61). MEQ was more strongly correlated with MSF (50% of sleep time) than with sleep onset (0%), rise time (100%), or with any other percentile (10 to 40, 60% to 90%) of sleep on free days. The study shows that chronotype (based on MSF as measured by the MCTQ) strongly correlates with morningness-eveningness (as measured by the MEQ). However, the MCTQ collects additional detailed information on sleep-wake behavior under natural conditions.
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“Overall, the MCTQ provides the advantage of collecting detailed information on sleep-wake behavior that allows for the assessment of phenomena such as social jet lag (difference in mid-sleep timing between school and work days and school- and work-free days) (24, 33).”
From Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zavada, A., Gordijn, M. C. M., Beersma, D. G. M., Daan, S., & Roenneberg, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Zavada, Andrei
- Venue
- Chronobiology International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 267-278
- ISSN
- 0742-0528 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-6073
- OpenAlex
- W2043467631
- Cited by
- 527
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 13.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chronobiology International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- chronotype, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, sleep timing, sleep onset, rise time, sleep-wake behavior, questionnaire agreement
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Biological Clocks, Child, Chronobiology Phenomena, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Statistics as Topic, Time Factors, Wakefulness, Photoperiod, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm, Internet
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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