Association of intrinsic circadian period with morningness–eveningness, usual wake time, and circadian phase.

Duffy, Jeanne F.; Rimmer, David W.; Czeisler, Charles A.

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.115.4.895

Cited by 571Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Association of intrinsic circadian period with morningness–eveningness, usual wake time, and circadian phase.

Duffy, Jeanne F., Rimmer, David W., Czeisler, Charles A.·2001·Behavioral Neuroscience

DOI 10.1037/0735-7044.115.4.895

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Abstract

The biological basis of preferences for morning or evening activity patterns ("early birds" and "night owls") has been hypothesized but has remained elusive. The authors reported that, compared with evening types, the circadian pacemaker of morning types was entrained to an earlier hour with respect to both clock time and wake time. The present study explores a chronobiological mechanism by which the biological clock of morning types may be set to an earlier hour. Intrinsic period, a fundamental property of the circadian system, was measured in a month-long inpatient study. A subset of participants also had their circadian phase assessed. Participants completed a morningness-eveningness questionnaire before study. Circadian period was correlated with morningness-eveningness, circadian phase, and wake time, demonstrating that a fundamental property of the circadian pacemaker is correlated with the behavioral trait of morningness-eveningness.

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Chronotype is a demonstrated preference for morning or eveningness that results from endogenous biological rhythms and is influenced by environmental and socio-occupational factors.
“Chronotype is a demonstrated preference for morning or eveningness that results from endogenous biological rhythms and is influenced by environmental (e.g., light) and socio-occupational (e.g., employment hours) factors [14–16].”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [15]

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Authors: Duffy, J. F., Rimmer, D. W., & Czeisler, C. A.
Affiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
ORCID: Duffy, Jeanne F.
Czeisler, Charles A.
Venue: Behavioral Neuroscience
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2001
Volume: 115
Issue: 4
Pages: 895-899
ISSN: 0735-7044 (ISSN-L)
1939-0084
DOI: 10.1037/0735-7044.115.4.895
OpenAlex: W4233060373
Cited by: 571
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 3.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (P01AG009975, P01 AG-09975)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32 HL 07901, T32HL007901)
National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR 02635, M01RR002635)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords: circadian period, chronotype, circadian phase, chronobiology
MeSH terms: Adult, Biological Clocks, Body Temperature, Body Temperature Regulation, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Individuality, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self-Assessment, Sleep

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Association of intrinsic circadian period with morningness–eveningness, usual wake time, and circadian phase.

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