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Ggas

Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Puertollano, Rosa, Mullins, Chris, Aguilar, Rubén C., Vargas, José D., Hartnell, Lisa M., Bonifacino, Juan S.·2000·The Journal of Cell Biology
DOI 10.1083/jcb.149.1.81PMC PMC2175099
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Abstract

Formation of intracellular transport intermediates and selection of cargo molecules are mediated by protein coats associated with the cytosolic face of membranes. Here, we describe a novel family of ubiquitous coat proteins termed GGAs, which includes three members in humans and two in yeast. GGAs have a modular structure consisting of a VHS domain, a region of homology termed GAT, a linker segment, and a region with homology to the ear domain of γ-adaptins. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed colocalization of GGAs with Golgi markers, whereas immunoelectron microscopy of GGA3 revealed its presence on coated vesicles and buds in the area of the TGN. Treatment with brefeldin A or overexpression of dominant-negative ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) caused dissociation of GGAs from membranes. The GAT region of GGA3 was found to: target a reporter protein to the Golgi complex; induce dissociation from membranes of ARF-regulated coats such as AP-1, AP-3, AP-4, and COPI upon overexpression; and interact with activated ARF1. Disruption of both GGA genes in yeast resulted in impaired trafficking of carboxypeptidase Y to the vacuole. These observations suggest that GGAs are components of ARF-regulated coats that mediate protein trafficking at the TGN.

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  • GGA2 belongs to a recently described family of monomeric cytosolic proteins that includes three mammalian and two yeast members.

    “GGA2 belongs to a recently described family of monomeric cytosolic proteins that includes three mammalian and two (gga) yeast members (Boman et al., 2000;Dell'Angelica et al., 2000;Hirst et al., 2000;Poussu et al., 2000;Takatsu et al., 2000).”

    From The sortilin cytoplasmic tail conveys Golgi–endosome transport and binds the VHS domain of the GGA2 sorting protein (2001) · cites this paper as Dell'Angelica et al., 2000

    The Results sections identify GGA2 as one of three human GGAs, alongside two yeast counterparts, and report that most endogenous GGA2 was in a cytosolic fraction. However, the biochemical characterization says its sedimentation is compatible with either a monomer or an asymmetrically shaped dimer; it does not establish that GGA2 is monomeric. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • GGA proteins are monomeric adaptor proteins that mediate transport of cargo proteins between the TGN and endosomes.

    “GGA proteins are monomeric adaptor proteins that mediate transport of cargo proteins between the TGN and endosomes”

    From GGA1 Is Expressed in the Human Brain and Affects the Generation of Amyloid β-Peptide (2006) · cites this paper as Dell'Angelica et al., 2000

    The Discussion describes GGAs as adaptor-related proteins that are not part of AP complexes, and the Introduction links them to protein trafficking at the TGN. But the Discussion describes their association with endosomal structures only as a possibility; the paper does not establish that GGAs mediate cargo transport between the TGN and endosomes. It also does not explicitly establish that they are monomeric. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • GGAs are ARF dependent and Golgi localizing, and comprise, from the N-terminus, a VHS domain, a GAT domain, a linker region and a C-terminal GAEH domain.

    “GGAs are ARF dependent and Golgi localizing, and comprise, from the N-terminus, a VHS domain, a so-called GAT domain, a linker region and a C-terminal GAEH domain (Dell'Angelica et al., 2000).”

    From The sortilin cytoplasmic tail conveys Golgi–endosome transport and binds the VHS domain of the GGA2 sorting protein (2001) · cites this paper as Dell'Angelica et al., 2000

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Metadata

Authors
Dell'Angelica, E. C., Puertollano, R., Mullins, C., Aguilar, R. C., Vargas, J. D., Hartnell, L. M., & Bonifacino, J. S.
Venue
The Journal of Cell Biology
Publisher
Rockefeller University Press
Published
2000-04-03
Volume
149
Issue
1
Pages
81-94
ISSN
  • 0021-9525
  • 1540-8140
DOI
10.1083/jcb.149.1.81
PMC
PMC2175099
Cited by
363
References
1
Language
en

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