The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Natural Killer (NK) Cell–mediated Cytotoxicity: Differential Use of TRAIL and Fas Ligand by Immature and Mature Primary Human NK Cells
Open accessAbstract
Mature natural killer (NK) cells use Ca2+-dependent granule exocytosis and release of cytotoxic proteins, Fas ligand (FasL), and membrane-bound or secreted cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) to induce target cell death. Fas belongs to the TNF receptor family of molecules, containing a conserved intracytoplasmic “death domain” that indirectly activates the caspase enzymatic cascade and ultimately apoptotic mechanisms in numerous cell types. Two additional members of this family, DR4 and DR5, transduce apoptotic signals upon binding soluble TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) that, like FasL, belongs to the growing TNF family of molecules. Here, we report that TRAIL produced or expressed by different populations of primary human NK cells is functional, and represents a marker of differentiation or activation of these, and possibly other, cytotoxic leukocytes. During differentiation NK cells, sequentially and differentially, use distinct members of the TNF family or granule exocytosis to mediate target cell death. Phenotypically immature CD161+/CD56− NK cells mediate TRAIL-dependent but not FasL- or granule release–dependent cytotoxicity, whereas mature CD56+ NK cells mediate the latter two.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis
COHEN, G. M. (1997) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3260001 · Cited by 4,719
Nagata, S., & Golstein, P. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7533326 · Cited by 3,979
Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis
Wiley, S. R., Schooley, K., Smolak, P. J., Din, W. S., Huang, C.-P., Nicholl, J. K., Sutherland, G. R., Smith, T. D., Rauch, C., Smith, C. A., et al. (1995) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90057-8 · Cited by 2,900
Suda, T., Takahashi, T., Golstein, P., & Nagata, S. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90326-l · Cited by 2,489
Induction of Apoptosis by Apo-2 Ligand, a New Member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Cytokine Family
Pitti, R. M., Marsters, S. A., Ruppert, S., Donahue, C. J., Moore, A., & Ashkenazi, A. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12687 · Cited by 1,793
TRAIL-R2: a novel apoptosis-mediating receptor for TRAIL
Walczak, H. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.17.5386 · Cited by 1,130
A novel protein domain required for apoptosis. Mutational analysis of human Fas antigen
Itoh, N., & Nagata, S. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82075-0 · Cited by 839
Chaudhary, P. M., Eby, M., Jasmin, A., Bookwalter, A., Murray, J., & Hood, L. (1997) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80400-8 · Cited by 711
Cloning and Characterization of TRAIL-R3, a Novel Member of the Emerging TRAIL Receptor Family
Degli-Esposti, M. A., Smolak, P. J., Walczak, H., Waugh, J., Huang, C.-P., DuBose, R. F., Goodwin, R. G., & Smith, C. A. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.186.7.1165 · Cited by 629
Response of resting human peripheral blood natural killer cells to interleukin 2.
Trinchieri, G., Matsumoto-Kobayashi, M., Clark, S. C., Seehra, J., London, L., & Perussia, B. (1984) · The Journal of experimental medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.160.4.1147 · Cited by 604
Self-citation
Cited by
NK cells and cancer immunosurveillance
Waldhauer, I., & Steinle, A. (2008) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2008.267 · Cited by 682
Smyth, M. J., Cretney, E., Takeda, K., Wiltrout, R. H., Sedger, L. M., Kayagaki, N., Yagita, H., & Okumura, K. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.193.6.661 · Cited by 512
NATURAL KILLER CELL DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS: A Question of Balance
Di Santo, J. P. (2006) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090700 · Cited by 448
Nature's TRAIL—On a Path to Cancer Immunotherapy
Smyth, M. J., Takeda, K., Hayakawa, Y., Peschon, J. J., van den Brink, M. R. M., & Yagita, H. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00502-2 · Cited by 366
Expression and Function of TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand on Murine Activated NK Cells
Kayagaki, N., Yamaguchi, N., Nakayama, M., Takeda, K., Akiba, H., Tsutsui, H., Okamura, H., Nakanishi, K., Okumura, K., & Yagita, H. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.163.4.1906 · Cited by 340
Metadata
- Authors
- Zamai, L., Ahmad, M., Bennett, I. M., Azzoni, L., Alnemri, E. S., & Perussia, B.
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1998-12-21
- Volume
- 188
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2375-2380
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- OpenAlex
- W2140288892
- Cited by
- 566
- References
- 32
- FWCI
- 7.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Natural Killer (NK) Cell–mediated Cytotoxicity: Differential Use of TRAIL and Fas Ligand by Immature and Mature Primary Human NK Cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1084/jem.188.12.2375
- The paper
- Zamai, L., Ahmad, M., Bennett, I. M., Azzoni, L., Alnemri, E. S., & Perussia, B. (1998). Natural Killer (NK) Cell–mediated Cytotoxicity: Differential Use of TRAIL and Fas Ligand by Immature and Mature Primary Human NK Cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.188.12.2375
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.