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Gata-3 Induces T Helper Cell Type 2 (Th2) Cytokine Expression and Chromatin Remodeling in Committed Th1 Cells
Open accessAbstract
Committed T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 effector cells, resulting from chronic antigenic stimulation in interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-4, are implicated in the pathology of autoimmune and allergic diseases. Committed Th1 cells cannot be induced to change their cytokine profiles in response to antigenic stimulation and Th2 cytokine–inducing conditions. Here, we report that ectopic expression of GATA-3 induced Th2-specific cytokine expression not only in developing Th1 cells but also in otherwise irreversibly committed Th1 cells and a Th1 clone, HDK1. Moreover, cAMP, an inhibitor of cytokine production by Th1 cells, markedly augmented Th2 cytokine production in GATA-3–expressing Th1 cells. Ectopic expression of GATA-3 in developing Th1 cells, but not in Th1 clone HDK1, induced endogenous GATA-3, suggesting an autoregulatory mechanism for maintenance of GATA-3 expression in Th2 cells. Structure–function analyses of GATA-3 revealed that the NH2-terminal transactivation domain and the COOH-terminal zinc finger domain of GATA-3 were critical, whereas the NH2-terminal zinc finger domain was dispensable for the induction of IL-4. Both zinc fingers, however, were required for IL-5 induction. A Th2-specific DNaseI-hypersensitive site of the IL-4 locus was detected in GATA-3–expressing Th1 cells. Thus, GATA-3 can change the phenotype of committed Th1 cells, previously considered to be irreversible.
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“the SNS outflow that occurs in depression (see Irwin et al., 1991) may suppress transcription of antiviral immune response genes (S. W. Cole et al., 1998; Lee et al., 2000), leading to increased susceptibility to viruses”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, H. J., Takemoto, N., Kurata, H., Kamogawa, Y., Miyatake, S., O'Garra, A., & Arai, N.
- Affiliations
- aDepartment of Immunology, DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California 94304-1104
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2000-07-03
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 105-116
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC1887713
- OpenAlex
- W2119767265
- Cited by
- 393
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 10.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- GATA3, Th1 cells, Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, chromatin remodeling, DNase I hypersensitive sites, cyclic AMP, zinc finger, transactivation domain, T helper cell differentiation, cytokine gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chromatin, DNA-Binding Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Vectors, Interferon-gamma, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Moloney murine leukemia virus, Recombinant Proteins, Transfection, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Trans-Activators, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, Cytokines, Zinc Fingers, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells, GATA3 Transcription Factor, Mice
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