The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Kinetics of Steady-state Differentiation and Mapping of Intrathymic-signaling Environments by Stem Cell Transplantation in Nonirradiated Mice
Open accessAbstract
Upon thymus entry, thymic-homing progenitors undergo distinct phases of differentiation as they migrate through the cortex to the capsule, suggesting that the signals that induce these differentiation steps may be stratified in corresponding cortical regions. To better define these regions, we transplanted purified stem cells into nonirradiated congenic recipients and followed their differentiation with respect to both tissue location and time. The earliest progenitors (DN1) remained confined to a very narrow region of the cortex for about the first 10 d of intrathymic residence; this region virtually overlaps the sites of thymic entry, suggesting that DN1 cells move very little during this lengthy period of proliferation and lineage commitment. Movement out of this region into the deeper cortex is asynchronous, and corresponds to the appearance of DN2 cells. Differentiation to the DN3 stage correlates with movement across the midpoint of the cortex, indicating that stromal signals that induce functions such as TCR gene rearrangement reside mainly in the outer half of the cortex. The minimum time to reach the capsule, and thus transit to the DP stage, is ∼13 d, with the average time a few days longer. These findings reveal for the first time the kinetics of steady-state progenitor differentiation in the thymus, as well as defining the boundaries of cortical regions that support different phases of the differentiation process. We also show that the first lineage-positive progeny of transplanted stem cells to appear in the thymus are dendritic cells in the medulla, suggesting that each new wave of new T cell production is preceded by a wave of regulatory cells that home to the medulla and ensure efficient tolerance and selection.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“It probably extends for over 10 days for the thymocytes in young adult mice (153), where it is crucial for successful T-cell generation (2, 147).”
From Mechanisms of Action of Hematopoietic Transcription Factor PU.1 in Initiation of T-Cell Development (2019) · cites this paper as [153]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Identification of Clonogenic Common Lymphoid Progenitors in Mouse Bone Marrow
Kondo, M., Weissman, I. L., & Akashi, K. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80453-5 · Cited by 2,253
Ardavı́n, C., Wu, L., Li, C., & Shortman, K. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/362761a0 · Cited by 657
Lind, E. F., Prockop, S. E., Porritt, H. E., & Petrie, H. T. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.2.127 · Cited by 402
Self-citationDendritic cell potentials of early lymphoid and myeloid progenitors
Manz, M. G., Traver, D. J., Miyamoto, T., Weissman, I. L., & Akashi, K. (2001) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v97.11.3333 · Cited by 394
The generation and fate of thymocytes.
Shortman, K., Egerton, M., Spangrude, G. J., & Scollay, R. G. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 295
The Importation of Hematogenous Precursors by the Thymus Is a Gated Phenomenon in Normal Adult Mice
Foss, D. L., Donskoy, E., & Goldschneider, I. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.193.3.365 · Cited by 221
Ikawa, T., Kawamoto, H., Fujimoto, S., & Katsura, Y. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.190.11.1617 · Cited by 161
Spangrude, G. J., & Scollay, R. G. (1990) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.145.11.3661 · Cited by 146
Bone marrow cells give rise to distinct cell clones within the thymus
Ezine, S., Weissman, I. L., & Rouse, R. V. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/309629a0 · Cited by 143
Brahim, F., & Osmond, D. G. (1970) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1091680202 · Cited by 121
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- 1990, Semin. Immunol., 2, 3
- 1988, Thymus., 11, 29
- 1998, Exp. Hematol., 26, 320
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–167 of 167
Thymus Colonization: Who, How, How Many?
Krueger, A. (2017) · Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis · doi:10.1007/s00005-017-0503-5 · Cited by 18
Majumdar, S., Adiga, V., Raghavan, A., Rananaware, S. R., & Nandi, D. (2019) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.13043 · Cited by 16
Speed and navigation control of thymocyte development by the fetal T‐cell gene regulatory network
MacNabb, B. W., & Rothenberg, E. V. (2023) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13190 · Cited by 16
Witt, C. M., & Robey, E. A. (2004) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2004.09.008 · Cited by 16
Irla, M. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12040-5_6 · Cited by 16
Holland, A. M., Zakrzewski, J. L., Goldberg, G. L., Ghosh, A., & van den Brink, M. R. M. (2008) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-008-0138-z · Cited by 16
Requirement of Gαi in thymic homing and early T cell development
Jin, Y., & Wu, M. X. (2008) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.04.007 · Cited by 15
Disorderly conduct in γδ versus αβ T cell lineage commitment
Narayan, K., & Kang, J. (2010) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2010.04.003 · Cited by 15
Heparan sulfate is essential for thymus growth
Hsu, H.-P., Chen, Y.-T., Chen, Y., Lin, C., Chen, P.-Y., Liao, S.-Y., Lim, C. C. Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Hsu, C., & Dzhagalov, I. L. (2021) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100419 · Cited by 15
Lins, M. P., de Araújo Vieira, L. F., Rosa, A. A. M., & Smaniotto, S. (2016) · Biological Research · doi:10.1186/s40659-016-0097-0 · Cited by 15
Rothenberg, E. V., Champhekar, A. S., Damle, S. S., Real, M. M. D., Kueh, H. Y., Li, L., & Yui, M. A. (2013) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.2013.78.020271 · Cited by 13
Lee, B. J., & Mace, E. M. (2020) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0424 · Cited by 13
Rapid Thymic Reconstitution Following Bone Marrow Transplantation in Neonatal Mice is VEGF-Dependent
Cuddihy, A. R., Suterwala, B. T., Ge, S., Kohn, L. A., Jang, J. K., Andrade, J., Wang, X., & Crooks, G. M. (2012) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.01.006 · Cited by 13
Leposavić, G., Nanut, M. P., & Pilipović, I. (2012) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-012-8278-6 · Cited by 11
T cell development in the thymus: From periodic seeding to constant output
Cai, A. Q., Landman, K. A., Hughes, B. D., & Witt, C. M. (2007) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.07.028 · Cited by 10
Radical reversal of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors during early lymphopoiesis
Vomhof‐DeKrey, E. E., Sandy, A. R., Failing, J. J., Hermann, R., Hoselton, S. A., Schuh, J. M., Weldon, A. J., Payne, K. J., & Dorsam, G. P. (2011) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2011.08.014 · Cited by 8
Thymic myeloid cells are heterogenous and include a novel population of transitional dendritic cells
Vobořil, M., Sulczewski, F. B., Martinez, R. J., Ashby, K. M., Valerio, M. M., Idoyaga, J., & Hogquist, K. A. (2025) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20250733 · Cited by 7
A key role for IL‐7R in the generation of microenvironments required for thymic dendritic cells
Moore, A. J., In, T. S. H., Trotman‐Grant, A., Yoganathan, K., Montpellier, B., Guidos, C. J., Zúñiga‐Pflücker, J. C., & Anderson, M. K. (2017) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/icb.2017.74 · Cited by 7
Thymic pioneers: Charting the origin, identity, and fate of human thymus seeding progenitors
Liang, K. L., Boehme, L., Paepens, S., Hassan, M., & Taghon, T. (2025) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2025.06.014 · Cited by 6
Sunaoshi, M., Blyth, B. J., Shang, Y., Tsuruoka, C., Morioka, T., Shinagawa, M., Ogawa, M., Shimada, Y., Tachibana, A., Iizuka, D., et al. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11030449 · Cited by 6
Proliferative advantage of specific aneuploid cells drives evolution of tumor karyotypes
Ban, I., Tomašić, L., Trakala, M., Tolić, I. M., & Pavin, N. (2023) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2023.01.017 · Cited by 5
Early Commitment: T Cell Progenitors in the Blood
Petrie, H. T. (2007) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.01.003 · Cited by 5
Self-citationThymic Dendritic Cells Revisited
Vobořil, M., Xuan, S., & Hogquist, K. A. (2025) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.70076 · Cited by 5
Богданенко, Е. В., Sergievich, L. A., Karnaukhov, A. V., Карнаухова, Н. А., Лизунова, И. А., & Karnaukhov, V. N. (2020) · Zhurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» · doi:10.25557/0031-2991.2020.01.31-38 · Cited by 4
Wang, G. (2007) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/s00285-006-0068-0 · Cited by 4
Garabatos, N., Blanco, J., Fandos, C., Lopez, E., Santamaría, P., Ruiz, A. R., Vidakovics, L. P., Benveniste, P. M., Galkin, O., Zúñiga‐Pflücker, J. C., et al. (2014) · Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy · doi:10.1089/mab.2014.0030 · Cited by 4
FoxP3: a life beyond regulatory T cells.
Liu, Y., & Zheng, P. (2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 4
Control of Migration during Intrathymic T Cell Development
Ehrlich, L. I. R. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374279-7.04012-1 · Cited by 4
Irla, M. (2025) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-77921-3_6 · Cited by 3
Salz, A. P., Gurniak, C. B., Jönsson, F., & Witke, W. (2020) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.238048 · Cited by 3
An Overview of T Cell Subsets and Their Potential Use as Markers of Immunological Ageing
Purnama, C., Camous, X., & Larbi, A. (2013) · Cited by 3
Gene-regulatory programs that specify age-related differences during thymocyte development
Sankaran, D. G., Zhu, H., Maymí, V. I., Forlastro, I. M., Jiang, Y., Laniewski, N. G., Scheible, K. M., Rudd, B. D., & Grimson, A. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115903 · Cited by 2
Kunze‐Schumacher, H., Verheyden, N. A., Grewers, Z., Meyer‐Hermann, M., Greiff, V., Robert, P. A., & Krueger, A. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115132 · Cited by 2
Disorderly conduct in versus T cell lineage commitment
Narayan, K., & Kang, J. (2010) · Cited by 2
Mutabaruka, M.-S., Pata, M., & Vacher, J. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104160 · Cited by 2
The Nature and Role of the Decidual T Cells
Mincheva‐Nilsson, L., & Baranov, V. I. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-34944-8_18 · Cited by 2
Thymus and Tolerance in Transplantation
Gray, D. H. D., Gill, J. W., Trounson, A. O., & Boyd, R. L. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012436643-5/50076-6 · Cited by 2
Thymic DC2 are heterogenous and include a novel population of transitional dendritic cellsPreprint
Vobořil, M., Sulczewski, F. B., Martinez, R. J., Ashby, K. M., Valerio, M. M., Idoyaga, J., & Hogquist, K. A. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.13.659520 · Cited by 2
Ever-evolving insights into the cellular and molecular drivers of lymphoid cell development
Tran, V. L., Haltalli, M. L. R., Li, J., Lin, D. S. Y., Yamashita, M., Naik, S. H., & Rothenberg, E. V. (2024) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104667 · Cited by 1
T-cell commitment inheritance—an agent-based multi-scale model
Andersson, E., Rothenberg, E. V., Peterson, C., & Olariu, V. (2024) · npj Systems Biology and Applications · doi:10.1038/s41540-024-00368-y · Cited by 1
Ezine, S., Gautreau‐Rolland, L., Parcelier, A., & Canque, B. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-347-3_4 · Cited by 1
Temporal scaling in developmental gene networks by epigenetic timing controlPreprint
Nguyen, P. H., Pease, N. A., Ng, K. K. H., Irwin, B., & Kueh, H. Y. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/752170 · Cited by 1
Understanding T cell recovery following thymus injury
Zhang, S. (2014) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)
FoxP3: a life beyond regulatory T cells.
Liu, Y., & Zheng, P. (2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 4
The Role Of miRNAs In CD8+ T Cell Differentation
Amorim, A. (2014) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.34626/h70p-6p39
Role of ovarian hormones in thymic involution in rats
Perisic, M. (2012) · doi:10.2298/bg20120928perisic
The Role Of miRNAs In CD8 + T Cell
Amorim, D. O. R. (2014)
Application of Antigen Cross-Presentation Research into Patient Care
(2017) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-88945-191-3
Microenvironment Regulation of Thymic Progenitors: How Form Follows Function
Kelly, R. G., Golec, D. P., Caviedes, L. M. H., & Baldwin, T. A. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66176-7
TCR diversity and the development of regulatory T cells in the human thymus
Vanhanen, R. (2019) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Requirement for HEB in the Specification of Fetal IL-17-producing γδ T cells
In, S. H. (2018) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
LYMPHOPOETIC FUNCTION OF THE THYMUS
Leštarević, S., Andjelkovic, Z., Mitić, N. B., Milosavljević, Z., & Milošević, M. (2009) · Praxis medica · doi:10.70949/pramed200901284l
Kyewski, B. (2009) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1158208.605087
Molecular and cellular control of intrathymic T-Cell development
Kunze‐Schumacher, H. (2022) · Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · doi:10.21248/gups.67690
High-resolution mapping of cell cycle dynamics during T-cell development and regeneration in vivoPreprint
Kunze‐Schumacher, H., Verheyden, N. A., Grewers, Z., Meyer‐Hermann, M., Greiff, V., Robert, P. A., & Krueger, A. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.06.14.544919
Takeshima, T., & Hasegawa, S. (2024) · Journal of Radiation Research · doi:10.1093/jrr/rrae045
Control of Migration During Intrathymic T Cell Development
Tipan, P. G., & Ehrlich, L. I. R. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-128-24465-4.00030-2
Shin, B., Chang, S. J., MacNabb, B. W., Sidwell, T., Williams, B. A., & Rothenberg, E. V. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.22.649893
Étude de la migration thymique : vers une reconstitution optimale du compartiment T
Lopez, V. M. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/8b7063c6z09bcz4785zba10z0ea2d20623a7
Génération et analyse d’un nouveau modèle de la maladie APECED par déficience pour Aire chez le rat
Ossart, J. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/96586792zd58bz497dza907zfe0a41d8d94d
Regulation of early human T cell development
Ma, K. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ded079e3z40b0z48a5z80a8z517848109870
Darrigues, J. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e71c8132z3d4cz447fz8b8cz419d2c735085
Normal and pathological functions of the T cell signaling protein, THEMIS, in CD4+ T cells
Yang, C. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/59026c4ezea46z4241za55azd03232fac9cd
Upregulation of CD90 correlates with T lineage commitment at the DN2a stage of T cell development
Parikh, D., Gu, K., Tomei, S., Weber, T. S., Naik, S. H., & Chong, M. M. W. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1940310
Schwarz, B. A., & Bhandoola, A. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85816-6_7
Metadata
- Authors
- Porritt, H. E., Gordon, K., & Petrie, H. T.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gordon, Kristie
- ORCID
- Petrie, Howard T.
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2003-09-15
- Volume
- 198
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 957-962
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC2194209
- OpenAlex
- W2099130754
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
- National Cancer Institute (CA08748, P30CA008748)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI033940, R56AI033940, R01AI033940, AI 33940, R29AI033940)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- thymocyte differentiation, thymus, thymic cortex, thymic medulla, T-cell receptor gene rearrangement, dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, thymic selection, congenic mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Movement, Dendritic Cells, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Mice, Inbred C57BL, T-Lymphocytes, Thymus Gland, Signal Transduction, Transplantation Chimera, Stem Cell Transplantation, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
