Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 217

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Influence of Collisions upon Population of Hyperfine States in Hydrogen.

Purcell, Edward M., Field, George B.·1956·The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract

In a collision between two hydrogen atoms in their ground states, the electron spins may exchange Such exchanges affect the relative populations of the hyperfine levels and are therefore important in determining the rate of 21-cm transitions in an assembly of atoms undergoing collision A cross-section is computed for electron exchange over a range of gas kinetic temperatures, and the competition between collisions and radiation in establishing the hyperfine populations is analyzed The results are applied to typical situations encountered in 21-cm radio astronomy

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1086/146259

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 217

Metadata

Authors
Purcell, E. M., & Field, G. B.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
1956-11
Volume
124
Pages
542
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
OpenAlex
W2017724816
Cited by
217
References
0
FWCI
6.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Influence of Collisions upon Population of Hyperfine States in Hydrogen. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/146259
The paper
Purcell, E. M., & Field, G. B. (1956). Influence of Collisions upon Population of Hyperfine States in Hydrogen. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/146259

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.