The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of rapid spin exchange on the magnetic-resonance spectrum of alkali vapors
Abstract
It was recently discovered that when there are sufficiently rapid spin-exchange collisions in an alkali-metal vapor, the rf magnetic-resonance frequency of the ground-state atoms becomes a constant fractional value (e.g., $\frac{4}{11}$ for Cs) of the Larmor frequency, and the linewidth becomes inversely proportional to the spin-exchange rate. These properties are in complete contrast to those in the slow spin-exchange limit. We present a theoretical analysis of these properties, and we predict some additional new effects for rapid spin exchange. Four theories are presented; an intuitive-vector model, a perturbation treatment, numerical solutions of complex non-Hermitian matrices, and a statistical analysis of the effect of rapid transfers between two Zeeman multiplets. These theories all provide, to varying degrees, consistent quantitative answers to the problem of how spin exchange affects magnetic resonance in an alkali vapor.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
HAPPER, W. (1972) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.44.169 · Cited by 1,710
Self-citationA Mathematical Model for the Narrowing of Spectral Lines by Exchange or Motion
W. Anderson, P. (1954) · Journal of the Physical Society of Japan · doi:10.1143/jpsj.9.316 · Cited by 1,425
Note on the Stochastic Theory of Resonance Absorption
Kubo, R. (1954) · Journal of the Physical Society of Japan · doi:10.1143/jpsj.9.935 · Cited by 573
Spin-Exchange Shift and Narrowing of Magnetic Resonance Lines in Optically Pumped Alkali Vapors
Happer, W., & Tang, H. (1973) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.31.273 · Cited by 323
Self-citationEffective Operator Formalism in Optical Pumping
Happer, W., & Mathur, B. S. (1967) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.163.12 · Cited by 248
Self-citationInfluence of Collisions upon Population of Hyperfine States in Hydrogen.
Purcell, E. M., & Field, G. B. (1956) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/146259 · Cited by 217
Hyperfine Structure of Hydrogen, Deuterium, and Tritium
Anderson, L. W., Pipkin, F. M., & Baird, J. C. (1960) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.120.1279 · Cited by 114
Power-series analysis of light shifts in optical pumping experiments
Happer, W., & Svanberg, S. R. (1974) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.9.508 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Cited by
A subfemtotesla multichannel atomic magnetometer
Kominis, I. K., Kornack, T. W., Allred, J. C., & Romalis, M. V. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01484 · Cited by 1,631
High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation
Allred, J. C., Lyman, R. N., Kornack, T. W., & Romalis, M. V. (2002) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.89.130801 · Cited by 1,049
Kitching, J. (2018) · Applied Physics Reviews · doi:10.1063/1.5026238 · Cited by 621
Optically pumped magnetometers: from quantum origins to multi-channel magnetoencephalography
Tierney, T. M., Holmes, N., Mellor, S., López, J. D., Roberts, G., Hill, R. M., Boto, E., Leggett, J., Shah, V., Brookes, M. J., et al. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.063 · Cited by 400
Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometry using elliptically polarized light
Shah, V., & Romalis, M. V. (2009) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.80.013416 · Cited by 273
Metadata
- Authors
- Happer, W., & Tam, A. C.
- Venue
- Physical Review A
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1977-11-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1877-1891
- ISSN
- 0556-2791 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023798907
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effect of rapid spin exchange on the magnetic-resonance spectrum of alkali vapors. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physreva.16.1877
- The paper
- Happer, W., & Tam, A. C. (1977). Effect of rapid spin exchange on the magnetic-resonance spectrum of alkali vapors. Physical Review A. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.16.1877
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
