The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles
Abstract
This paper reports an important racial difference in patterns of responding to Likert-type items: blacks are more likely than whites to use the extreme response categories, particularly the positive end of agree-disagree scales. This finding appeared consistently in several large-scale nationally representative surveys of youth. Response style indexes (Agreement, Disagreement, Acquiescence, and Extreme Responding) display ranges of individual differences and cross-time stabilities comparable to commonly used personality measures. Response styles show no consistent differences by sex, and no appreciable correlation with indicators of family socioeconomic level or with educational accomplishments and aspirations. For both races, agreement tendencies are stronger among those in the South, especially in nonmetropolitan areas; however, controlling for geography does little to reduce overall black-white differences. The findings reveal potential pitfalls in dealing with racial differences in survey and personality measures, and illustrate the need for great caution in reporting and interpreting such differences.
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Citations
Cites
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
Response Sets and Test Validity
Cronbach, L. J. (1946) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316444600600405 · Cited by 898
Further Evidence on Response Sets and Test Design
Cronbach, L. J. (1950) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316445001000101 · Cited by 734
Yeasayers and naysayers: Agreeing response set as a personality variable.
Couch, A., & Keniston, K. (1960) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0040372 · Cited by 673
Separating Reliability and Stability in Test-Retest Correlation
Heise, D. R. (1969) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2092790 · Cited by 580
Reliability and Consistency in Self-Reports of Drug Use
O'malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Johnston, L. D. (1983) · International Journal of the Addictions · doi:10.3109/10826088309033049 · Cited by 434
Self-citationThe Estimation of Measurement Error in Panel Data *
Wiley, D. E., Wiley, J. A., & Blalock, H. M. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315081670-9 · Cited by 251
Self-esteem: Change and stability between ages 13 and 23.
O’Malley, P. M., & Bachman, J. G. (1983) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.19.2.257 · Cited by 234
Self-citationPersonality attributes associated with extreme response style.
Hamilton, D. L. (1968) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0025606 · Cited by 213
Bachman, J. G. (1970) · Cited by 146
Self-citation
Cited by
Krosnick, J. A. (1999) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.537 · Cited by 1,852
Testing and Controlling for Common Method Variance: A Review of Available Methods
Tehseen, S., Ramayah, T., & Sajilan, S. (2017) · Journal of Management Sciences · doi:10.20547/jms.2014.1704202 · Cited by 1,316
Response Styles in Marketing Research: A Cross-National Investigation
Baumgartner, H., & Steenkamp, J.-B. E. M. (2001) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmkr.38.2.143.18840 · Cited by 1,255
Chen, C., Lee, S.-Y., & Stevenson, H. W. (1995) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00327.x · Cited by 873
Possible selves and delinquency.
Oyserman, D., & Markus, H. R. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.59.1.112 · Cited by 699
Metadata
- Authors
- Bachman, J. G., & O'Malley, P. M.
- Venue
- Public Opinion Quarterly
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1984
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 491
- ISSN
- 0033-362X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2121203072
- Cited by
- 371
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 15.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Bachman, J. G., & O'Malley, P. M. (1984). Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles. Public Opinion Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1086/268845
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
