The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance
Abstract
This article examines the role of relationship lending in small firm finance. It examines price and nonprice terms of bank lines of credit (L/Cs) extended to small firms. The focus on LICs allows the examination of a type of loan contract in which the hank- borrower relationship is likely to be an important mechanism for solving the asymmetric information problems associated with financing small enterprises. We find that borrowers with longer banking relationships pay lower interest rates and are less likely to pledge collateral.These results are consistent with theoretical arguments that relationship lending generates valuable information about borrower quality.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Some evidence on the uniqueness of bank loans
James, C. (1987) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-405x(87)90003-1 · Cited by 1,610
Financial Intermediary-Coalitions
Boyd, J. H., & Prescott, E. C. (1985) · doi:10.21034/sr.87 · Cited by 1,440
The role of banks in reducing the costs of financial distress in Japan
Hoshi, T., Kashyap, A., & Scharfstein, D. (1990) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-405x(90)90021-q · Cited by 1,213
Secured Lending and Default Risk: Equilibrium Analysis, Policy Implications and Empirical Results
Boot, A. W. A., Thakor, A. V., & Udell, G. F. (1991) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2233552 · Cited by 512
Self-citationThe value of bank durability: Borrowers as bank stakeholders
SLOVIN, M. B., SUSHKA, M. E., & POLONCHEK, J. A. (1993) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04708.x · Cited by 418
Equilibrium loan pricing under the bank–client relationship
Greenbaum, S. I., Kanatas, G., & Venezia, I. (1989) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/0378-4266(89)90061-7 · Cited by 339
A credit scoring model for commercial loans
Orgler, Y. E. (1970) · Journal of Money, Credit and Banking · doi:10.2307/1991095 · Cited by 202
Customer Relationships and Terms of Loans: Evidence from a Pilot Survey: Note
Hester, D. D. (1979) · Journal of Money, Credit and Banking · doi:10.2307/1991796 · Cited by 61
Cited by
What Do We Know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data
RAJAN, R. G., & ZINGALES, L. (1995) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1995.tb05184.x · Cited by 6,538
N. Berger, A., & F. Udell, G. (1998) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/s0378-4266(98)00038-7 · Cited by 3,690
“…produced in conjunction with the relationship may be garnered over time in conjunction with the extension of credit (e.g., Petersen and Rajan 1994, Berger and Udell 1995), the provision of deposit services (e.g., Allen, Saunders, and Udell 1991, Nakamura 1993, Cole 1998), or the delivery of other…”
InfluentialSelf-citationFinancial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda
Levine, R. (1999) · Policy Research Working Papers · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-1678 · Cited by 2,977
Berger, A. N., Miller, N. H., Petersen, M. A., Rajan, R. G., & Stein, J. C. (2005) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2004.06.003 · Cited by 1,888
Self-citationCan Relationship Banking Survive Competition?
Boot, A. W. A., & Thakor, A. V. (2000) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00223 · Cited by 1,590
Metadata
- Authors
- Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Business
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 1995-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 351
- ISSN
- 0021-9398 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5374
- OpenAlex
- W2051152277
- Cited by
- 3,636
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 45.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/296668
- The paper
- Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (1995). Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance. The Journal of Business. https://doi.org/10.1086/296668
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.