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Molecular Epidemiology of “Norwalk‐like Viruses” in Outbreaks of Gastroenteritis in the United States
Abstract
Fecal specimens from 90 outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis reported to 33 state health departments from January 1996 to June 1997 were examined to determine the importance of and to characterize "Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs) in these outbreaks. NLVs were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in specimens from 86 (96%) of 90 outbreaks. Outbreaks were most frequent in nursing homes and hospitals (43%), followed by restaurants or events with catered meals (26%); consumption of contaminated food was the most commonly identified mode of transmission (37%). Nucleotide sequence analysis showed great diversity between strains but also provided evidence indicating the emergence of a common, predominant strain. The application of improved molecular techniques to detect NLVs demonstrates that most outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in the United States appear to be associated with these viruses and that sequence analysis is a robust tool to help link or differentiate these outbreaks.
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Cited by
Norwalk Virus Infection and Disease Is Associated with ABO Histo–Blood Group Type
Hutson, A. M., Atmar, R. L., Graham, D. Y., & Estes, M. K. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/339883 · Cited by 487
Chen, R., Neill, J. D., Estes, M. K., & Prasad, B. V. V. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0600421103 · Cited by 180
Inter- and Intragenus Structural Variations in Caliciviruses and Their Functional Implications
Chen, R., Neill, J. D., Noel, J. S., Hutson, A. M., Glass, R. I., Estes, M. K., & Prasad, B. V. V. (2004) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.78.12.6469-6479.2004 · Cited by 154
Self-citationSeptic system density and infectious diarrhea in a defined population of children
Borchardt, M. A., Chyou, P.-H., DeVries, E. O., & Belongia, E. A. (2003) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.5914 · Cited by 119
Metadata
- Authors
- Fankhauser, R. L., Noel, J. S., Monroe, S. S., Ando, T., & Glass, R. I.
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 178
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1571-1578
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W1981611206
- Cited by
- 459
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 20.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Fankhauser, R. L., Noel, J. S., Monroe, S. S., Ando, T., & Glass, R. I. (1998). Molecular Epidemiology of “Norwalk‐like Viruses” in Outbreaks of Gastroenteritis in the United States. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/314525
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