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Herpes Zoster in Older Adults
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) strikes millions of older adults annually worldwide and disables a substantial number of them via postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Key age-related clinical, epidemiological, and treatment features of zoster and PHN are reviewed. HZ is caused by renewed replication and spread of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in sensory ganglia and afferent peripheral nerves in the setting of age-related, disease-related, and drug-related decline in cellular immunity to VZV. VZV-induced neuronal destruction and inflammation causes the principal problems of pain, interference with activities of daily living, and reduced quality of life in elderly patients. Recently, attempts to reduce or eliminate HZ pain have been bolstered by the findings of clinical trials that antiviral agents and corticosteroids are effective treatment for HZ and that tricyclic antidepressants, topical lidocaine, gabapentin, and opiates are effective treatment for PHN. Although these advances have helped, PHN remains a difficult condition to prevent and treat in many elderly patients.
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Citations
Cited by
What does epidemiology tell us about risk factors for herpes zoster?
Thomas, S. L., & Hall, A. J. (2004) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00857-0 · Cited by 561
Insights into thymic aging and regeneration
Taub, D. D., & Longo, D. L. (2005) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00275.x · Cited by 396
Varicella‐Zoster Virus–Specific Immune Responses in Elderly Recipients of a Herpes Zoster Vaccine
Levin, M. J., Oxman, M. N., Zhang, J. H., Johnson, G. R., Stanley, H., Hayward, A. R., Caulfield, M. J., Irwin, M. R., Smith, J. G., Clair, J., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/528696 · Cited by 355
Immunosenescence and vaccine failure in the elderly: strategies for improving response
Boraschi, D., & Italiani, P. (2014) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2014.06.006 · Cited by 86
Jones, S. C., Brahmakshatriya, V., Huston, G., Dibble, J., & Swain, S. L. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0901296 · Cited by 54
Metadata
- Authors
- Yoshikawa, T. T., & Schmader, K.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2001-05-15
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1481-1486
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2114977310
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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