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Post–T Tauri Stars in the Nearest OB Association
Open accessAbstract
We present results of a spectroscopic survey of X-ray– and proper-motion–selected samples of late-type stars in the Lower Centaurus–Crux (LCC) and Upper Centaurus–Lupus (UCL) subgroups of the nearest OB association: Scorpius-Centaurus. The primary goals of the survey are to determine the star formation history of the OB subgroups and to assess the frequency of accreting stars in a sample dominated by "post–T Tauri" pre–main-sequence (PMS) stars. We investigate two samples: (1) proper-motion candidates from the ACT Catalog and Tycho Reference Catalog (TRC) with X-ray counterparts in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) Bright Source Catalog and (2) G- and K-type stars in the Hipparcos catalog found to be candidate members by de Zeeuw et al. We obtained optical spectra of 130 candidates with the Siding Spring 2.3 m dual-beam spectrograph. PMS stars were identified by (1) strong Li λ6707 absorption, (2) subgiant surface gravities, (3) proper motions consistent with Sco-Cen membership, and (4) H-R diagram positions consistent with being PMS. We find 93% of the RASS-ACT/TRC stars to be probable PMS members, compared with 73% of the Hipparcos candidates. We demonstrate that measuring the gravity-sensitive band ratio of Sr II λ4077 to Fe I λ4071 is a valuable means of discriminating PMS and zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) stars. Using secular parallaxes and Hipparcos , Tycho-2, and Two Micron All Sky Survey photometry, we construct an H-R diagram. Depending on the choice of published evolutionary tracks, we find the mean ages of the PMS populations to range between 17 and 23 Myr for LCC and 15 and 22 Myr for UCL. Taking into account observational errors, it appears that 95% of the low-mass star formation in each subgroup must have occurred in less than 8 Myr (LCC) and 12 Myr (UCL). Using the Bertelli et al. tracks, we find main-sequence turnoff ages for Hipparcos B-type members to be 16 ± 1 Myr for LCC and 17 ± 1 Myr for UCL. Contrary to previous findings, it appears that LCC is coeval with, or slightly older than, UCL. The secular parallaxes of the Sco-Cen PMS stars yield distances of 85–215 pc, with 12 of the LCC members lying within 100 pc of the Sun. Only one out of 110 (0.9 %; 1 σ) PMS solar-type stars in the sample with ages of 13 ± 1 (s.e.) ± 6 (1 σ) Myr and masses of 1.3 ± 0.2 (1 σ) M ⊙ shows both enhanced Hα emission and a K -band excess indicative of accretion from a truncated circumstellar disk: the nearby ( d ≃ 86 pc) classical T Tauri star PDS 66.
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“A K5-type star with rotation period of 3.20 days would be predicted to have soft X-ray emission around the saturation level (log(L X /L bol ) -3.2 ± 0.3; Pizzolato et al. 2003), perfectly consistent with the observed ROSAT X-ray flux (log(L X /L bol ) -3.2), and consistent with other Sco-Cen pre-MS stars (Mamajek et al. 2002).”
From PLANETARY CONSTRUCTION ZONES IN OCCULTATION: DISCOVERY OF AN EXTRASOLAR RING SYSTEM TRANSITING A YOUNG SUN-LIKE STAR AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR DETECTING ECLIPSES BY CIRCUMSECONDARY AND CIRCUMPLANETARY DISKS (2012) · cites this paper as Mamajek et al. 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mamajek, E. E., Meyer, M. R., & Liebert, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Venue
- The Astronomical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1670-1694
- ISSN
- 0004-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-3881
- OpenAlex
- W2016878712
- Semantic Scholar
- 30fce1ce0f1048bc39ba98a01037605839457dc0
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astronomical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Keywords
- post-T Tauri stars, pre-main-sequence stars, Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, star formation history, accretion, lithium absorption, stellar ages, X-ray sources, low-mass star formation
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