The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z ~ 6 Quasars. II. A Sample of 19 Quasars
Open accessAbstract
We study the evolution of the ionization state of the IGM at the end of the reionization epoch using spectra of a sample of nineteen quasars at 5.745.7: the optical depth evolution changes from tau ~ (1+z)^{4.3} to (1+z)^{>11}, and the average length of dark gaps with tau>3.5 increases from <10 to >80 comoving Mpc. The dispersion of IGM properties along different lines of sight also increases rapidly, implying fluctuations by a factor of >4 in the UV background at z>6, when the mean free path of UV photons is comparable to the correlation length of galaxies. The mean length of dark gaps shows the most dramatic increase at z~6, as well as the largest varianace. We suggest using dark gap statistics as a powerful probe of the ionization state of the IGM at yet higher redshift. The sizes of HII regions around quasars decrease rapidly towards higher redshift, suggesting that the neutral fraction of the IGM has increased by a factor of >10 from z=5.7 to 6.4. The mass-averaged neutral fraction is 1-4% at z~6.2 based on the GP optical depth and HII region sizes. The observations suggest that z~6 is the the end of the overlapping stage of reionization, and are inconsistent with a neutral IGM at z~6, as indicated by the finite length of dark absorption gaps.
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Spergel, D. N., Verde, L., Peiris, H. V., Komatsu, E., Nolta, M. R., Bennett, C. L., Halpern, M., Hinshaw, G., Jarosik, N., Kogut, A., et al. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1086/377226 · Cited by 10,976
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Photometric System
Fukugita, M., Ichikawa, T., Gunn, J. E., Doi, M., Shimasaku, K., & Schneider, D. P. (1996) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/117915 · Cited by 3,033 · cited 1×
“2006) and a large format CCD camera (Gunn et al. 1998) at the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico to obtain images in five broad bands (u, g, r, i and z, centered at 3551, 4686, 6166, 7480 and 8932 Å, respectively; Fukugita et al. 1996) of high Galactic latitude sky in the Northern Galactic Cap.”
Self-citationThe Sloan Digital Sky Survey Photometric Camera
Gunn, J. E., Carr, M., Rockosi, C., Sekiguchi, M., Berry, K., Elms, B., de Haas, E., Ivezić, Ž., Knapp, G., Lupton, R., et al. (1998) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/300645 · Cited by 1,692
Self-citationKogut, A., Spergel, D. N., Barnes, C., Bennett, C. L., Halpern, M., Hinshaw, G., Jarosik, N., Limon, M., Meyer, S. S., Page, L., et al. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1086/377219 · Cited by 938
Astrometric Calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Pier, J. R., Munn, J. A., Hindsley, R. B., Hennessy, G. S., Kent, S. M., Lupton, R. H., & Ivezić, Ž. (2003) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/346138 · Cited by 908
Cited by
The Dark Energy Survey: more than dark energy – an overview
(2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw641 · Cited by 1,019
A NEW CALCULATION OF THE IONIZING BACKGROUND SPECTRUM AND THE EFFECTS OF He II REIONIZATION
Faucher-Giguère, C.-A., Lidz, A., Zaldarriaga, M., & Hernquist, L. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/703/2/1416 · Cited by 699
Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA)
DeBoer, D. R., Parsons, A. R., Aguirre, J. E., Alexander, P., Ali, Z. S., Beardsley, A. P., Bernardi, G., Bowman, J. D., Bradley, R. F., Carilli, C. L., et al. (2017) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/129/974/045001 · Cited by 658
Evidence of patchy hydrogen reionization from an extreme Lyα trough below redshift six
Becker, G. D., Bolton, J. S., Madau, P., Pettini, M., Ryan-Weber, E. V., & Venemans, B. P. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2646 · Cited by 429
Planck Collaboration, Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., et al. (2016) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628890 · Cited by 399
Metadata
- Authors
- Fan, X., Strauss, M. A., Becker, R. H., White, R. L., Gunn, J. E., Knapp, G. R., Richards, G. T., Schneider, D. P., Brinkmann, J., & Fukugita, M.
- Venue
- The Astronomical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2006-06-02
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 117-136
- ISSN
- 0004-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-3881
- OpenAlex
- W2005411300
- Cited by
- 1,420
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 40.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z ~ 6 Quasars. II. A Sample of 19 Quasars. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/504836
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- Fan, X., Strauss, M. A., Becker, R. H., White, R. L., Gunn, J. E., Knapp, G. R., Richards, G. T., Schneider, D. P., Brinkmann, J., & Fukugita, M. (2006). Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z ~ 6 Quasars. II. A Sample of 19 Quasars. The Astronomical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/504836
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