The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Relationship between Nasopharyngeal Colonization and the Development of Otitis Media in Children
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the predominant bacteria associated with otitis media. A cohort of 306 infants was followed from birth through 12 months to determine frequency and duration of colonization and risk of acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME). M. catarrhalis was the most common bacterium isolated. Infants colonized at < or = 3 months of age were at increased risk of AOM and OME. Early colonization with M. catarrhalis revealed the greatest risk (relative risk [RR] = 1.24), especially for OME (RR = 1.57). There was a strong relationship between the frequency of colonization and OM (r = .37, P < .001,) for each pathogen. Although S. pneumoniae, nontypeable H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis are part of the normal nasopharyngeal flora during infancy, an increased rate of colonization may identify a subpopulation of children that is at increased risk of OM.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures
(2004) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2004.s209 · Cited by 4,661
Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey.
Ss, J. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 1,866
Teele, D. W., Klein, J. O., Rosner, B., & Greater Boston Otitis Media Study Group (1989) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/160.1.83 · Cited by 1,492
Current Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, United States, 1981.
(1984) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-2-328_1 · Cited by 491
LEACH, A. J., BOSWELL, J. B., ASCHE, V., NIENHUYS, T. G., & MATHEWS, J. D. (1994) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-199411000-00009 · Cited by 345
Howie, V. M. (1975) · Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.1975.02120430016006 · Cited by 242
Nasopharyngeal Colonization during the First Year of Life
Aniansson, G., Aim, B., Andersson, B., Larsson, P., Nylen, O., Peterson, H., Rigner, P., Svanborg, M., & Svanborg, C. (1992) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/165-supplement_1-s38 · Cited by 233
Nasopharyngeal Flora in the First Three Years of Life in Normal and Otitis-Prone Children
Faden, H., Brodsky, L., Waz, M. J., Stanievich, J., Bernstein, J. M., & Ogra, P. L. (1991) · Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology · doi:10.1177/000348949110000802 · Cited by 200
Self-citationOffice visits for otitis media: United States, 1975-90.
Schappert, S. M. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 171
Nasopharyngeal Colonization With Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae And Recurrent Otitis Media
Harabuchi, Y., Faden, H. S., Yamanaka, N., Duffy, L. C., Wolf, J., Krystofik, D., & Pediatrics, T. (1994) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/170.4.862 · Cited by 156
Self-citation
Cited by
Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation: the key to pneumococcal disease
Bogaert, D., de Groot, R., & Hermans, P. (2004) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(04)00938-7 · Cited by 1,929
Pipkins, H. R., Bradshaw, J. L., Keller, L. E., Swiatlo, E., & McDaniel, L. S. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179159 · Cited by 1,338
“pneumoniae is a leading cause of OM [11].”
BackgroundSchilder, A. G. M., Chonmaitree, T., Cripps, A. W., Rosenfeld, R. M., Casselbrant, M. L., Haggard, M. P., & Venekamp, R. P. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.63 · Cited by 577
Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen
Verduin, C. M., Hol, C., Fleer, A., van Dijk, H., & van Belkum, A. (2002) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.15.1.125-144.2002 · Cited by 353
Dagan, R., Givon‐Lavi, N., Zamir, O., Sikuler‐Cohen, M., Guy, L., Janco, J., Yagupsky, P., & Fraser, D. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/339525 · Cited by 339
Metadata
- Authors
- Faden, H., Duffy, L., Wasielewski, R., Wolf, J., Krystofik, D., Tung, Y., & Pediatrics, T.
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1997-06
- Volume
- 175
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1440-1445
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2099409015
- Cited by
- 502
- References
- 20
- FWCI
- 21.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Relationship between Nasopharyngeal Colonization and the Development of Otitis Media in Children. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/516477
- The paper
- Faden, H., Duffy, L., Wasielewski, R., Wolf, J., Krystofik, D., Tung, Y., & Pediatrics, T. (1997). Relationship between Nasopharyngeal Colonization and the Development of Otitis Media in Children. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/516477
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
