The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Fast‐Slow Continuum in Mammalian Life History: An Empirical Reevaluation
Abstract
Many life-history traits co-vary across species, even when body size differences are controlled for. This phenomenon has led to the concept of a "fast-slow continuum," which has been influential in both empirical and theoretical studies of life-history evolution. We present a comparative analysis of mammalian life histories showing that, for mammals at least, there is not a single fast-slow continuum. Rather, both across and within mammalian clades, the speed of life varies along at least two largely independent axes when body size effects are removed. One axis reflects how species balance offspring size against offspring number, while the other describes the timing of reproductive bouts.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Modern Applied Statistics with S
Venables, W. N., & Ripley, B. D. (2002) · Statistics and Computing · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-21706-2 · Cited by 24,305
The Evolution of Life-histories
Benton, T. G., & Stearne, S. C. (1993) · The Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/5403 · Cited by 12,228
Phylogenies and the Comparative Method
Felsenstein, J. (1985) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/284325 · Cited by 9,793
The Optimal Balance between Size and Number of Offspring
Smith, C. C., & Fretwell, S. D. (1974) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282929 · Cited by 2,918
Size, Function, and Life History
Calder, W. A. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,864
The Evolution Of Life Histories
Stearns, S. C. (1998) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198577416.001.0001 · Cited by 2,334
The delayed rise of present-day mammals
Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., Cardillo, M., Jones, K. E., MacPhee, R. D. E., Beck, R. M. D., Grenyer, R., Price, S. A., Vos, R. A., Gittleman, J. L., & Purvis, A. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05634 · Cited by 2,082
Self-citationPredicting extinction risk in declining species
Purvis, A., Gittleman, J. L., Cowlishaw, G., & Mace, G. M. (2000) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1234 · Cited by 1,768
Self-citationWilson, D. (2005) · Johns Hopkins University Press eBooks · doi:10.56021/9780801882210 · Cited by 1,698
The physiology/life-history nexus
Ricklefs, R. E., & Wikelski, M. (2002) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(02)02578-8 · Cited by 1,597
Cited by
Ellis (2009) · doi:10.1007/s12110-009-9063-7 · Cited by 1,592
Personality and the emergence of the pace-of-life syndrome concept at the population level
Réale, D., Garant, D., Humphries, M. M., Bergeron, P., Careau, V., & Montiglio, P.-O. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0208 · Cited by 1,446
Griskevicius, V., Tybur, J. M., Delton, A. W., & Robertson, T. E. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022403 · Cited by 790
Fritz, S. A., Bininda‐Emonds, O. R. P., & Purvis, A. (2009) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01307.x · Cited by 585
Self-citationThe predictability of extinction: biological and external correlates of decline in mammals
Cardillo, M., Mace, G. M., Gittleman, J. L., Jones, K. E., Bielby, J., & Purvis, A. (2008) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0179 · Cited by 435
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bielby, J., Mace, G. M., Bininda‐Emonds, O. R. P., Cardillo, M., Gittleman, J. L., Jones, K. E., Orme, C. D. L., & Purvis, A.
- Venue
- The American Naturalist
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 748-757
- ISSN
- 0003-0147 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5323
- OpenAlex
- W2011719493
- Cited by
- 411
- References
- 59
- FWCI
- 13.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Fast‐Slow Continuum in Mammalian Life History: An Empirical Reevaluation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/516847
- The paper
- Bielby, J., Mace, G. M., Bininda‐Emonds, O. R. P., Cardillo, M., Gittleman, J. L., Jones, K. E., Orme, C. D. L., & Purvis, A. (2007). The Fast‐Slow Continuum in Mammalian Life History: An Empirical Reevaluation. The American Naturalist. https://doi.org/10.1086/516847
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
