Exploring the Variable Sky with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
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We quantify the variability of faint unresolved optical sources using a catalog based on multiple SDSS imaging observations. The catalog covers SDSS Stripe 82, and contains 58 million photometric observations in the SDSS ugriz system for 1.4 million unresolved sources. In each photometric bandpass we compute various low-order lightcurve statistics and use them to select and study variable sources. We find that 2% of unresolved optical sources brighter than g=20.5 appear variable at the 0.05 mag level (rms) simultaneously in the g and r bands. The majority (2/3) of these variable sources are low-redshift (<2) quasars, although they represent only 2% of all sources in the adopted flux-limited sample. We find that at least 90% of quasars are variable at the 0.03 mag level (rms) and confirm that variability is as good a method for finding low-redshift quasars as is the UV excess color selection (at high Galactic latitudes). We analyze the distribution of lightcurve skewness for quasars and find that is centered on zero. We find that about 1/4 of the variable stars are RR Lyrae stars, and that only 0.5% of stars from the main stellar locus are variable at the 0.05 mag level. The distribution of lightcurve skewness in the g-r vs. u-g color-color diagram on the main stellar locus is found to be bimodal (with one mode consistent with Algol-like behavior). Using over six hundred RR Lyrae stars, we demonstrate rich halo substructure out to distances of 100 kpc. We extrapolate these results to expected performance by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and estimate that it will obtain well-sampled 2% accurate, multi-color lightcurves for ~2 million low-redshift quasars, and will discover at least 50 million variable stars.
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Based on SDSS experience (Sesar et al. 2007), the random photometric error for point sources as a function of magnitude is well described by Equation (5).
“Based on SDSS experience ( Sesar et al. 2007 ) , the random photometric error for point sources, as a function of magnitude, is well described 98 by”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Sesar et al. 2007
LSST will provide 2% or better accurate multicolor light curves for at least 50 million variable stars.
“2% or better accurate multicolor light curves will be available for a sample of at least 50 million variable stars”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Sesar et al. 2007
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THE TIME DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY: VARIABLE SELECTION AND ANTICIPATED RESULTS
Morganson, E., Green, P. J., Anderson, S. F., Ruan, J. J., Myers, A. D., Eracleous, M., Kelly, B. C., Badenes, C., Bañados, E., Blanton, M. R., et al. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/806/2/244 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Pisces Plume and the Magellanic wake
Belokurov, V. A., Deason, A. J., Erkal, D., Koposov, S. E., Carballo-Bello, J. A., Smith, M. C., Jethwa, P., & Navarrete, C. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slz101 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Sharma, S., Johnston, K. V., Majewski, S. R., Muñoz, R. R., Carlberg, J. K., & Bullock, J. S. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/722/1/750 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Quantifying the Stellar Halo's Response to the LMC's Infall with Spherical Harmonics
Cunningham, E. C., Garavito-Camargo, N., Deason, A. J., Johnston, K. V., Erkal, D., Laporte, C. F. P., Besla, G., Luger, R., & Sanderson, R. E. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9b88 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sesar, B., Ivezić, Ž., Lupton, R. H., Jurić, M., Gunn, J. E., Knapp, G. R., De Lee, N., Smith, J. A., Miknaitis, G., Lin, H., Tucker, D., Doi, M., Tanaka, M., Fukugita, M., Holtzman, J., Kent, S., Yanny, B., Schlegel, D., Finkbeiner, D., Padmanabhan, N., Rockosi, C. M., Bond, N., Lee, B., Stoughton, C., Jester, S., Harris, H., Harding, P., Brinkmann, J., Schneider, D. P., York, D., Richmond, M. W., & Vanden Berk, D.
- ORCID
- Sesar, Branimir
- Ivezić, Željko
- Lupton, Robert H.
- Jurić, Mario
- Knapp, Gillian R.
- Smith, J. Allyn
- Lin, Huan
- Tucker, Douglas
- Tanaka, Masayuki
- Holtzman, Jon
- Kent, Steve
- Yanny, Brian
- Schlegel, David
- Finkbeiner, Douglas
- Padmanabhan, Nikhil
- Rockosi, Constance M.
- Lee, Brian
- Stoughton, Chris
- Jester, Sebastian
- Harding, Paul
- Schneider, Donald P.
- York, Donald
- Richmond, Michael W.
- Venue
- The Astronomical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2007-10-26
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2236-2251
- ISSN
- 0004-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-3881
- OpenAlex
- W269682840
- Cited by
- 360
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 11.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- The Astronomical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Princeton University
- Ohio State University
- University of Chicago
- University of Washington
- Johns Hopkins University
- University of Pittsburgh
- Case Western Reserve University
- Drexel University
- Universität Basel
- University of Portsmouth
- New Mexico State University
- University of Cambridge
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
- U.S. Naval Observatory
- Fermilab
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Keywords
- variable stars, quasars, RR Lyrae stars, Stripe 82, LSST
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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