The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Natural History of Genital Warts: Analysis of the Placebo Arm of 2 Randomized Phase III Trials of a Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, and 18) Vaccine
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The placebo arm of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine trials helps define the natural history of genital warts (GW). METHODS: Women enrolled in the placebo arm (n = 8800) of 2 randomized trials of a quadrivalent vaccine were examined for the presence of GW for up to 9 visits over approximately 4 years. A comprehensive examination of the perianal area, vulva, and vagina prompted biopsy. Biopsy samples were analyzed by a blinded panel of up to 4 histopathologists and tested for 14 HPV genotypes (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59) by use of a polymerase chain reaction-based assay. Risk factors for the development of GW were assessed. RESULTS: Women were followed up for an average of 3.6 years (range, 0-4.9 years). Overall, 298 (3.4%) of 8800 participants developed GW related to HPV-6 or HPV-11 (incidence rate, 0.87 cases per 100 person-years-at-risk). In total, 520 distinct lesions were diagnosed as GW. HPV DNA was detected in 472 (90.8%) lesions, with HPV-6 and HPV-11 detected in 447 (86.0%) of these lesions (94.7% of 472 HPV DNA-positive lesions). We found high-risk HPV types in 161 (31.0%) of 520 lesions. Risk factors for HPV-6- and HPV-11-related GW included infection at baseline, acquisition of new sex partners, a higher number of sex partners, and DNA positivity at baseline for a high-risk HPV type. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm the major role played by HPV-6 and HPV-11 in GW, as well as associated risk factors. A vaccine that includes these types of HPV could substantially reduce the overall burden of HPV disease.
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Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases
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Self-citationHuman papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer worldwide: a meta-analysis
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A 9-valent HPV vaccine against infection and intraepithelial neoplasia in women
Joura, E. A., Giuliano, A. R., Iversen, O.-E., Bouchard, C., Mao, C., Mehlsen, J., Moreira, E. D., Ngan, Y., Petersen, L. K., Lazcano-Ponce, E., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1405044 · Cited by 1,433
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Self-citationA review of clinical trials of human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines
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Self-citationSystematic review of the incidence and prevalence of genital warts
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Metadata
- Authors
- Garland, S. M., Steben, M., Sings, H. L., James, M., Lu, S., Railkar, R., Barr, E., Haupt, R. M., & Joura, E. A.
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-03-15
- Volume
- 199
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 805-814
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2116827928
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 18.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Natural History of Genital Warts: Analysis of the Placebo Arm of 2 Randomized Phase III Trials of a Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, and 18) Vaccine. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/597071
- The paper
- Garland, S. M., Steben, M., Sings, H. L., James, M., Lu, S., Railkar, R., Barr, E., Haupt, R. M., & Joura, E. A. (2009). Natural History of Genital Warts: Analysis of the Placebo Arm of 2 Randomized Phase III Trials of a Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, and 18) Vaccine. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/597071
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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