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Cited by 30Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecologyFire effects on ecosystemsHydrology and Sediment Transport Processes

Debris flows amplify effects of wildfire on magnitude and composition of tributary subsidies to mainstem habitats

Harris, Hannah E., Baxter, Colden V., Davis, John M.·2015·Freshwater Science
DOI 10.1086/684015
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Abstract

Postfire disturbances, such as debris flows, may alter the recovery of stream ecosystems from wildfire. Furthermore, changes to productivity and the dynamics of nutrients and organic matter (OM) in tributaries may affect fluxes of materials and organisms to mainstem habitats. We investigated the consequences of watershed wildfire and debris flows for exports from tributaries to mainstem habitats in the South Fork Salmon River Basin of central Idaho, USA. We compared fluxes from 15 streams (n = 5 unaffected [UA], n = 5 fire-affected [FA], and n = 5 fire + debris flow-affected [FDA]) in summer 2011 (4 y postfire, 3 y postdebris flow). In early June, FDA streams exported 650% higher concentrations of sediment to downstream habitats than did UA streams (mean, FDA: 18.7 g/m3, UA: 1.9 g/m3). Overall, concentrations of dissolved organic C were 75% greater in FDA than in UA streams (FDA: 2.8, UA: 1.6 mg/L), and the quality of OM was higher (i.e., more chlorophyll a [chl a] and higher chl a:OM) in FDA than in UA streams. Community composition of invertebrates exported from FA and FDA streams was similar and dominated by r-strategist taxa (Chironomidae, Baetidae, and Simuliidae), but FDA streams exported 470% more invertebrate biomass to downstream habitats than did FA streams (FDA: 8.6 mg/m3, FA: 1.5 mg/m3). Higher primary production and reduced stream retention following debris flows may have contributed to increased fluxes to mainstem habitats. Increased exports of resources from FD…

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Crossref · 10.1086/684015

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  • Nutrient responses were typically rapid, observed in streams during and especially following storms immediately after fires, but delayed responses have been observed in more arid environments.

    “Nutrient responses were typically rapid, observed in streams during and especially following storms immediately after fires (Harris et al., 2015; Hauer & Spencer, 1998; Spencer & Hauer, 1991), but delayed responses have been observed in more arid environments (Murphy et al., 2015; Rhoades et al., 2011).”

    From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Harris et al., 2015

  • In burned watersheds with debris flows, the diversity and biomass of stream invertebrates exported (drifting) from the water was much lower than in burned watersheds without debris flow or unburned watersheds.

    “For example, in burned watersheds with debris flows, the diversity and biomass of stream invertebrates exported (drifting) from the water was much lower than in burned watersheds without debris flow or unburned watersheds (Harris et al., 2015).”

    From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Harris et al., 2015

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Authors
Harris, H. E., Baxter, C. V., & Davis, J. M.
Affiliations
Idaho State University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Harris, Hannah E.
  • Baxter, Colden V.
  • Davis, John M.
ORCID
Venue
Freshwater Science
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
2015-12-01
Volume
34
Issue
4
Pages
1457-1467
ISSN
  • 2161-9549 (ISSN-L)
  • 2161-9565
DOI
10.1086/684015
OpenAlex
W2255350055
Cited by
30
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3
FWCI
3.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Freshwater Science (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • U.S. Forest Service
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
Keywords
debris flows, forest fires, sediment export, dissolved organic carbon, organic matter quality, invertebrate biomass, Chironomidae, Baetidae, Simuliidae, primary production, post-fire recovery

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