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Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects
Open accessAbstract
A little-known method of measuring the volume of small objects based on Archimedes' principle is described, which involves suspending an object in a water-filled container placed on electronic scales. The suspension technique is a variation on the hydrostatic weighing technique used for measuring volume. The suspension method was compared with two other traditional water displacement methods of measuring volume, i.e. placing an object in a measuring cylinder and recording the rise in the water level and immersing the object in a water-filled container with an overflow spout to record the volume of overflow. The accuracy and precision of the three methods was compared using ten accurately machined PVC cylinders ranging in volume from 1.5 to 15.7 ml. The mean difference between the actual and measured volumes was 3.3 ± 7.3%, -1.6 ± 7.2% and 0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively. Each measurement was repeated twice to obtain the reproducibility of the three displacement techniques. The reproducibility was -1.7 ± 8.5%, 0.09 ± 3% and -0.04 ± 0.43% for the level, overflow and suspension techniques respectively. The results show that the suspension technique is more accurate and precise than the traditional water displacement methods and is more accurate than measuring volume using Vernier calliper measurements.
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16 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 2 No full text of the sources · 2 Own method · 1 Sources not found · 1 No basis given
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“The reproducibility was -1.7 ± 8.5%, 0.09 ± 3% and -0.04 ± 0.43% for the level, overflow and suspension techniques respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean difference between the actual and measured volumes was 3.3 ± 7.3%, -1.6 ± 7.2% and 0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean difference between the actual and measured volumes was 3.3 ± 7.3%, -1.6 ± 7.2% and 0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The reproducibility was -1.7 ± 8.5%, 0.09 ± 3% and -0.04 ± 0.43% for the level, overflow and suspension techniques respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean difference between the actual and measured volumes was 3.3 ± 7.3%, -1.6 ± 7.2% and 0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
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In the paper
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
“0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Discussion
“| Suspension 0.001 ± 0.015 | 0.01 ± 0.27 1.0 | |”
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Abstract
“The mean difference between the actual and measured volumes was 3.3 ± 7.3%, -1.6 ± 7.2% and 0.03 ± 0.45%, for the level, overflow and suspension methods respectively.”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Discussion
“| Level | -0.14 ± 0.16 | 3.3 ± 7.1 | 0.9989 | | Overflow -0.04 ± 0.21 | -1.6 ± 7.4 | 0.999 | |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Additional information
“a reproducibility of 0.04% for pycnometry compared with 0.015% for suspension”
§ Archimedes revisited: a faster, better, cheaper method of accurately measuring the volume of small objects > Additional information
“A survey of the specifications of pycnometers shows that in the volume range 0-50 ml they have a typical accuracy of 0.03% and reproducibility of 0.015%.”
Citations
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- Halliday D, 1997, Fundamentals of Physics
- Heath T L, 2002, The Works of Archimedes
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“41 The technique states that the difference in weights of an object measured in 2 mediums of known density allows the observer to calculate the density of the object and the volume.”
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“The skeletal volume of soil in each sample was measured, applying the principle of Archimedes (Hughes 2005).”
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“0 g/mL, it is also equal to the volume of the implant.(3) Data obtained using both methods were comparable and have been combined in the overall data set.”
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“The measuring of liquid density based on the Archimedes principle has been reported by Hughes [2, 3].”
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“…measurement, learn, problem, laboratory, determine, science, current, work, make, force, motion, system, test, value, phenomenon, project, effect (Hughes 2005) Topic 2 Energy and light experiments (ELE) , experimental, energy, light, time, university, science, course, work, different, make,…”
Metadata
- Authors
- Hughes, S. W.
- Affiliations
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hughes, Stephen W
- ORCID
- Hughes, Stephen W
- Venue
- Physics Education
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2005-09-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 468-474
- ISSN
- 0031-9120 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6552
- OpenAlex
- W2024090057
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physics Education (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Social Sciences › Education › Various Chemistry Research Topics
- Keywords
- Archimedes' principle, hydrostatic weighing, volume measurement, small objects, suspension method, water displacement, electronic scale, measurement accuracy, measurement precision, reproducibility
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