The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1,244 of the 1,244 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap
Open accessAbstract
The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics—dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem—all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. This write-up is an initiative taken within the framework of the European Action on ‘Black holes, Gravitational waves and Fundamental Physics’.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., et al. (2016) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.116.061102 · Cited by 14,151
Self-citationPlanck 2015 results: XIII. Cosmological parameters
Planck Collaboration, Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., et al. (2016) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525830 · Cited by 10,583
GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., et al. (2017) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.119.161101 · Cited by 9,473
Self-citationThe Chemical Composition of the Sun
Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A. J., & Scott, P. (2009) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.46.060407.145222 · Cited by 9,346
Large Mass Hierarchy from a Small Extra Dimension
Randall, L., & Sundrum, R. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.83.3370 · Cited by 9,227
On the variation of the initial mass function
Kroupa, P. (2001) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04022.x · Cited by 7,499
Scargle, J. D. (1982) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/160554 · Cited by 7,376
An Alternative to Compactification
Randall, L., & Sundrum, R. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.83.4690 · Cited by 7,217
The hierarchy problem and new dimensions at a millimeter
Arkani–Hamed, N., Dimopoulos, S., & Dvali, G. (1998) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00466-3 · Cited by 6,563
COPELAND, E. J., SAMI, M., & TSUJIKAWA, S. (2006) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s021827180600942x · Cited by 6,239
Cited by
Teleparallel gravity: from theory to cosmology
Bahamonde, S., Dialektopoulos, K. F., Escamilla-Rivera, C., Farrugia, G., Gakis, V., Hendry, M., Hohmann, M., Levi Said, J., Mifsud, J., & Di Valentino, E. (2023) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/ac9cef · Cited by 503
Self-citationDi Valentino, E., Said, J. L., Riess, A., Pollo, A., Poulin, V., Gómez-Valent, A., Weltman, A., Palmese, A., Huang, C. D., Bruck, C. V. D., et al. (2025) · Physics of the Dark Universe · doi:10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965 · Cited by 319
Self-citationBlack holes with scalar hair in light of the Event Horizon Telescope
Khodadi, M., Allahyari, A., Vagnozzi, S., & Mota, D. F. (2020) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/09/026 · Cited by 266
Self-citationStellar structure models in modified theories of gravity: Lessons and challenges
Olmo, G. J., Rubiera-Garcia, D., & Wojnar, A. (2020) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2020.07.001 · Cited by 253
Self-citationPolariton Fluids as Quantum Field Theory Simulators on Tailored Curved Spacetimes
Falque, K., Delhom, A., Glorieux, Q., Giacobino, E., Bramati, A., & Jacquet, M. J. (2025) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/t5dh-rx6w · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Askar, A., Belczynski, C., Bertone, G., Bon, E., Blas, D., Brito, R., Bulik, T., Burrage, C., Byrnes, C. T., Caprini, C., Chernyakova, M., Chruściel, P., Colpi, M., Ferrari, V., Gaggero, D., Gair, J., García-Bellido, J., Hassan, S. F., Heisenberg, L., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Herdeiro, C., Hinderer, T., Horesh, A., Kavanagh, B. J., Kocsis, B., Kramer, M., Le Tiec, A., Mingarelli, C., Nardini, G., Nelemans, G., Palenzuela, C., Pani, P., Perego, A., Porter, E. K., Rossi, E. M., Schmidt, P., Sesana, A., Sperhake, U., Stamerra, A., Stein, L. C., Tamanini, N., Tauris, T. M., Urena-López, L. A., Vincent, F., Volonteri, M., Wardell, B., Wex, N., Yagi, K., Abdelsalhin, T., Aloy, M. Á., Amaro-Seoane, P., Annulli, L., Arca-Sedda, M., Bah, I., Barausse, E., Barakovic, E., Benkel, R., Bennett, C. L., Bernard, L., Bernuzzi, S., Berry, C. P. L., Berti, E., Bezares, M., Blanco-Pillado, J. J., Blázquez-Salcedo, J. L., Bonetti, M., Bošković, M., Bosnjak, Z., Bricman, K., Brügmann, B., Capelo, P. R., Carloni, S., Cerdá-Durán, P., Charmousis, C., Chaty, S., Clerici, A., Coates, A., Colleoni, M., Collodel, L. G., Compère, G., Cook, W., Cordero-Carrión, I., Correia, M., de la Cruz-Dombriz, Á., Czinner, V. G., Destounis, K., Dialektopoulos, K., Doneva, D., Dotti, M., Drew, A., Eckner, C., Edholm, J., Emparan, R., Erdem, R., Ferreira, M., Ferreira, P. G., Finch, A., Font, J. A., Franchini, N., Fransen, K., Gal’tsov, D., Ganguly, A., Gerosa, D., Glampedakis, K., Gomboc, A., Goobar, A., Gualtieri, L., Guendelman, E., Haardt, F., Harmark, T., Hejda, F., Hertog, T., Hopper, S., Husa, S., Ihanec, N., Ikeda, T., Jaodand, A., Jetzer, P., Jimenez-Forteza, X., Kamionkowski, M., Kaplan, D. E., Kazantzidis, S., Kimura, M., Kobayashi, S., Kokkotas, K., Krolik, J., Kunz, J., Lämmerzahl, C., Lasky, P., Lemos, J. P. S., Levi Said, J., Liberati, S., Lopes, J., Luna, R., Ma, Y.-Z., Maggio, E., Mangiagli, A., Montero, M. M., Maselli, A., Mayer, L., Mazumdar, A., Messenger, C., Ménard, B., Minamitsuji, M., Moore, C. J., Mota, D., Nampalliwar, S., Nerozzi, A., Nichols, D., Nissimov, E., Obergaulinger, M., Obers, N. A., Oliveri, R., Pappas, G., Pasic, V., Peiris, H., Petrushevska, T., Pollney, D., Pratten, G., Rakic, N., Racz, I., Radia, M., Ramazanoğlu, F. M., Ramos-Buades, A., Raposo, G., Rogatko, M., Rosca-Mead, R., Rosinska, D., Rosswog, S., Ruiz-Morales, E., Sakellariadou, M., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sharan Salafia, O., Samajdar, A., Sintes, A., Smole, M., Sopuerta, C., Souza-Lima, R., Stalevski, M., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, C., Tamfal, T., Torres-Forné, A., Tsygankov, S., İ Ünlütürk, K., Valiante, R., van de Meent, M., Velhinho, J., Verbin, Y., Vercnocke, B., Vernieri, D., Vicente, R., Vitagliano, V., Weltman, A., Whiting, B., Williamson, A., Witek, H., Wojnar, A., Yakut, K., Yan, H., Yazadjiev, S., Zaharijas, G., & Zilhão, M.
- Venue
- Classical and Quantum Gravity
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2019-06-19
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 143001
- ISSN
- 0264-9381 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6382
- OpenAlex
- W2808081211
- Cited by
- 744
- References
- 1,244
- FWCI
- 48.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587
- The paper
- Askar, A., Belczynski, C., Bertone, G., Bon, E., Blas, D., Brito, R., Bulik, T., Burrage, C., Byrnes, C. T., Caprini, C., Chernyakova, M., Chruściel, P., Colpi, M., Ferrari, V., Gaggero, D., Gair, J., García-Bellido, J., Hassan, S. F., Heisenberg, L., . . . Zilhão, M. (2019). Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap. Classical and Quantum Gravity. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.