Effect of solvents on the enzyme mediated degradation of copolymers
Open accessAbstract
The biodegradation of polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolide (PGA) and their copolymers, poly (lactide-co-glycolide) and poly (D, L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) was investigated. The influence of different solvents on the degradation of these polymers at 37 °C in the presence of two different lipases namely Novozym 435 and the free lipase of porcine pancreas was investigated. The rate coefficients for the polymer degradation and enzyme deactivation were determined using continuous distribution kinetics. Among the homopolymers, the degradation of PGA was nearly an order of magnitude lower than that for PCL and PLA. The overall rate coefficients of the copolymers were higher than their respective homopolymers. Thus, PLCL degraded faster than either PCL or PLA. The degradation was highly dependent on the viscosity of the solvent used with the highest degradation observed in acetone. The degradation of the polymers in acetone was nearly twice that observed in dimethyl sulfoxide indicating that the degradation decreases with increase in the solvent viscosity. The degradation of the polymers in water-solvent mixtures indicated an optimal water content of 2.5 wt% of water.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Although the degradation rate of PLCL is significantly higher than that of PCL and PLA, it remains relatively slow.
“For example, although the degradation rate of PLCL is significantly higher than that of PCL and PLA, it remains relatively slow [148].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [148]
The Results and discussion section reports that PLCL’s overall degradation rate coefficient was higher than those of both PCL and PLA, with a rate at least 10% higher than PCL’s. It does not characterize PLCL degradation as relatively slow or establish a benchmark for that description. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcetone allowed faster degradation and DMSO was the less efficient solvent, evidencing that overall the depolymerization rate increased with higher solvent polarity and lower solvent viscosity.
“Acetone allowed for the faster degradation and DMSO was the less efficient solvent, evidencing that overall, the depolymerization rate increased with higher solvent polarity and lower solvent viscosity.”
From Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers (2018) · cites this paper as [517]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Hansen, C. M. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420006834 · Cited by 3,167 · see citing works
Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook
Hansen, C. M. (1999) · Thammasat University Digital Collections · Cited by 2,082 · see citing works
An Overview of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA)-Based Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering
Gentile, P., Chiono, V., Carmagnola, I., & Hatton, P. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms15033640 · Cited by 1,593 · see citing works
Poly‐Lactic Acid: Production, Applications, Nanocomposites, and Release Studies
Jamshidian, M., Tehrany, E. A., Imran, M., Jacquot, M., & Desobry, S. (2010) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00126.x · Cited by 1,557 · see citing works
Polymer biodegradation: Mechanisms and estimation techniques – A review
Lucas, N., Bienaime, C., Belloy, C., Queneudec, M., Silvestre, F., & Nava-Saucedo, J.-E. (2008) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.064 · Cited by 1,384 · see citing works
Enzymatic catalysis in anhydrous organic solvents
Klibanov, A. M. (1989) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(89)90146-1 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles for tumor-targeted delivery of tamoxifen
Chawla, J. S., & Amiji, M. M. (2002) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00483-0 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Tracy, M. (1999) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00002-2 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Biodegradable Systems in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Reis, R. L., & Román, J. S. (2004) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203491232 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
You, Y., Min, B., Lee, S. J., Lee, T. S., & Park, W. H. (2004) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.21116 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Selective Enzymatic Degradations of Poly( l -lactide) and Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blend Films
Liu, L., Li, S., Garreau, H., & Vert, M. (2000) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm000046k · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Cambou, B., & Klibanov, A. M. (1984) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00321a033 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Lanao, R. P. F., Jonker, A. M., Wolke, J. G. C., Jansen, J. A., van Hest, J. C. M., & Leeuwenburgh, S. C. G. (2013) · Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews · doi:10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0443 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Hakkarainen, M., Albertsson, A., & Karlsson, S. (1996) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/0141-3910(96)00009-2 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Agrawal, C. M., McKinney, J. S., Lanctot, D. R., & Athanasiou, K. A. (2000) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00112-5 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Enzymatic degradation of poly(ε-caprolactone) film in phosphate buffer solution containing lipases
Gan, Z., Liang, Q., Zhang, J., & Jing, X. (1997) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(96)00208-x · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Huang, M.-H., Li, S., & Vert, M. (2004) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.054 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Kobayashi, S., Uyama, H., & Takamoto, T. (2000) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm990007c · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Molecular Weight Effect on the Dynamics of Polystyrene Degradation
Madras, G., Chung, G.-Y., Smith, J. M., et al. (1997) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie9607513 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationViscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures
Wohlfarth, C. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Enzymatic degradation of radiation crosslinked poly(ε–caprolactone)
Darwis, D., Mitomo, H., Enjoji, T., Yoshii, F., & Makuuchi, K. (1998) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(98)00005-6 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Enzymatic degradation of poly (ε-caprolactone), poly (vinyl acetate) and their blends by lipases
Sivalingam, G., Chattopadhyay, S., & Madras, G. (2003) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(03)00155-6 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, C., Jim, T. F., Gan, Z., Zhao, Y., & Wang, S. (2000) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00586-8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ito, T., Kikuta, H., Nagamori, E., et al. (2001) · Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering · doi:10.1016/s1389-1723(01)80128-6 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Solvent effects on the lipase catalyzed biodegradation of poly (ε-caprolactone) in solution
Sivalingam, G., Chattopadhyay, S., & Madras, G. (2003) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00357-9 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamics of lipase catalyzed enzymatic degradation of poly(bisphenol‐A carbonate)
Sivalingam, G., & Madras, G. (2003) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.13394 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationGuy, L., & Fixari, B. (1999) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00492-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Effect of solvent on thermal degradation of poly(p-methylstyrene)
Murakata, T., Wagatsuma, S., Saito, Y., et al. (1993) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(93)90856-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Enzymatic Polymerization. Synthesis of Artificial Polymers Catalyzed by Natural Polymers.
Kobayashi, S. (1999) · Kobunshi · doi:10.1295/kobunshi.48.124 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers
Zhang, X., Fevre, M., Jones, G. O., & Waymouth, R. M. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00329 · Cited by 936 · see citing works
Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering
Zhao, Y., & Liu, H. (2026) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-026-07016-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“For example, although the degradation rate of PLCL is signi fi cantly higher than that of PCL and PLA, it remains relatively slow [148].”
- Authors
- Banerjee, A., Chatterjee, K., & Madras, G.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Madras, Giridhar
- Venue
- Materials Research Express
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2015-09-10
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 095301
- ISSN
- 2053-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2337717116
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Materials Research Express (publishedVersion)
- NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Science and Engineering Research Board
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Keywords
- enzymatic degradation, biodegradable polymers, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), lipase, Novozym 435, porcine pancreatic lipase, solvent effects, solvent viscosity, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, moisture content, copolymer degradation, degradation kinetics, enzyme inactivation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
