Cited by 724Redox biology and oxidative stressSelenium in Biological SystemsGenomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress

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Thioredoxin and Related Molecules–From Biology to Health and Disease

Lillig, Christopher Horst, Holmgren, Arne·2007·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

DOI 10.1089/ars.2007.9.25

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Abstract

Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems in mammalian cells utilize thiol and selenol groups to maintain a reducing intracellular redox state acting as antioxidants and reducing agents in redox signaling with oxidizing reactive oxygen species. During the last decade, the functional roles of thioredoxin in particular have continued to expand, also including novel functions such as a secreted growth factor or a chemokine for immune cells. The role of thioredoxin and glutaredoxin in antioxidant defense and the role of thioredoxin in controlling recruitment of inflammatory cells offer potential use in clinical therapy. The fundamental differences between bacterial and mammalian thioredoxin reductases offer new principles for treatment of infections. Clinical drugs already in use target the active site selenol in thioredoxin reductases, inducing cell death in tumor cells. Thioredoxin and binding proteins (ASK1 and TBP2) appear to control apoptosis or metabolic states such as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism related to diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis.

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Additional file 6 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
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Additional file 3 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690695
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Dong, Y., Chen, S., Liu, Y., Li, Z., Jia, X., Briens, M., Jiang, X., Li, J., Lin, Y., Che, L., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-850421/v1
Additional file 4 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690698
Additional file 1 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25374729
Additional file 8 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690710
Additional file 2 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25374841
Additional file 7 of Monitoring redox stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to woodsmoke at an air–liquid interface
Abzhanova, A., Berntsen, J. H., Pennington, E. R., Dailey, L. A., Masood, S. S. M. E., George, I. J., Warren, N., Martin, J. P., Hays, M. D., Ghio, A. J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690707

Authors: Lillig, C. H., & Holmgren, A.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
ORCID: Lillig, Christopher Horst
Holmgren, Arne
Venue: Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2007-01
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-47
ISSN: 1523-0864 (ISSN-L)
1557-7716
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.9.25
OpenAlex: W2050083026
Cited by: 724
References: 286
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 59
FWCI: 3.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Selenium in Biological Systems
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Keywords: thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, selenols, thiols, cellular redox state, antioxidant defense, redox signaling, reactive oxygen species, secreted growth factors, chemokines, immune cell recruitment, inflammation, infection treatment, apoptosis, ASK1, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cancer cell death
MeSH terms: Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Models, Biological, Molecular Sequence Data, Oxidoreductases, Thioredoxins, Tissue Distribution, Signal Transduction, Protein Structure, Secondary, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Folding, Atherosclerosis, Glutaredoxins

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