Cognitive Effects of Risperidone in Children with Autism and Irritable Behavior
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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to explore the effects of risperidone on cognitive processes in children with autism and irritable behavior. METHOD: Thirty-eight children, ages 5-17 years with autism and severe behavioral disturbance, were randomly assigned to risperidone (0.5 to 3.5 mg/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. This sample of 38 was a subset of 101 subjects who participated in the clinical trial; 63 were unable to perform the cognitive tasks. A double-blind placebo-controlled parallel groups design was used. Dependent measures included tests of sustained attention, verbal learning, hand-eye coordination, and spatial memory assessed before, during, and after the 8-week treatment. Changes in performance were compared by repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: Twenty-nine boys and 9 girls with autism and severe behavioral disturbance and a mental age >or=18 months completed the cognitive part of the study. No decline in performance occurred with risperidone. Performance on a cancellation task (number of correct detections) and a verbal learning task (word recognition) was better on risperidone than on placebo (without correction for multiplicity). Equivocal improvement also occurred on a spatial memory task. There were no significant differences between treatment conditions on the Purdue Pegboard (hand-eye coordination) task or the Analog Classroom Task (timed math test). CONCLUSION: Risperidone given to children with autism at doses up to 3.5 mg for up to 8 weeks appears to have no detrimental effect on cognitive performance.
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Randomized controlled trials of risperidone in individuals with ASD found significant reductions in challenging behaviors, such as irritability and hyperactivity.
“randomized controlled trials of risperidone in individuals with ASD found significant reductions in challenging behaviors, such as irritability and hyperactivity [596-600]”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [596]
The ASD and ADHD studies that reported cognitive or IQ improvements were conducted in individuals who were intellectually higher functioning than typical male patients with fragile X syndrome.
“However, these studies were conducted in individuals who were intellectually higher functioning than typical male patients with FXS.”
From Drug development for neurodevelopmental disorders: lessons learned from fragile X syndrome (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
Evidence of cognitive improvement has not yet been unequivocally demonstrated in randomized controlled trials evaluating pharmacological treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders.
“Evidence of cognitive improvement has not yet been unequivocally demonstrated in RCTs that evaluate pharmacological treatments in NDDs.”
From Drug development for neurodevelopmental disorders: lessons learned from fragile X syndrome (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
In autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, pharmacological randomized controlled trials and behavioural interventions have reported improvements in cognitive processing measures and IQ after 3 to 12 months of treatment.
“In ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, improvement in measures of cognitive processing (verbal learning and cancellation task) and IQ have been reported in pharmacological RCTs after 3–12 months of treatment and behavioural interventions88–91.”
From Drug development for neurodevelopmental disorders: lessons learned from fragile X syndrome (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
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- Authors
- Aman, M. G., Hollway, J. A., McDougle, C. J., Scahill, L., Tierney, E., McCracken, J. T., Arnold, L. E., Vitiello, B., Ritz, L., Gavaletz, A., Cronin, P., Swiezy, N., Wheeler, C., Koenig, K., Ghuman, J. K., & Posey, D. J.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Riley Hospital for Children (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hollway, Jill A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 227-236
- ISSN
- 1044-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8992
- PMC
- PMC2935828
- OpenAlex
- W2156578668
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
- The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01mh070009-000, n01mh070001-008, n01mh070010-001, n01mh080011-005)
- National Institute of Mental Health (N01-MH-80011, N01 MH 70010, K23MH001883, N01 MH-70001, U01MH070009, N01 MH 70009, U01MH070010)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (N01 MH080011)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR006022, UL1RR025755, M01RR000750, M01RR000052, M01RR000034)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- risperidone, autism spectrum disorder, irritability, cognitive effects, sustained attention, verbal learning, spatial memory, eye-hand coordination, behavioral problems, children, antipsychotic adverse effects
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Irritable Mood, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Risperidone
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