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A Retrospective Chart Review of Buspirone for the Treatment of Anxiety in Psychiatrically Referred Youth with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: Anxiety disorders (ADs) are commonly associated with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HF-ASD) and often worsen with age. Buspirone is a commonly prescribed anxiolytic drug with a favorable tolerability profile that may offer potential benefits in anxiety management for patients with HF-ASD. This study examines inadequately explored tolerability and effectiveness of buspirone in treating ADs comorbid with high-functioning ASD. Methods: A retrospective chart review of a 1-year period was conducted in psychiatrically referred population of HF-ASD youth with AD (age 8–17 years) who were treated with buspirone ( N = 31). Information on the demographics and treatment history was recorded. Effectiveness was assessed through the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI) severity (CGI-S) and improvement (CGI-I) scores noted by the treating clinician. Results: A total of 31 patients were prescribed buspirone during the determined period, at a mean dose of 41.61 ± 24.10 mg for an average duration of 272 ± 125 days. Change in the CGI-S mean scores with treatment suggests an overall improvement in the severity of anxiety symptoms (M T1 = 4.9 ± 0.7; M T2 = 2.8 ± 0.87; p < 0.001). Significant improvement in anxiety symptoms (CGI-I ≤ 2) was observed in 58% and mild improvement (CGI-I = 3) in 29% of the HF-ASD patients who received buspirone treatment. Buspirone was well tolerated with no adverse events reported by the majority of participants, with the exception of two subjects who developed treatment emergent adverse events (activation and mood lability). Conclusions: Findings from this retrospective chart review suggest a promising role of buspirone in managing anxiety among youth with HF-ASD. Further research with prospective and randomized-controlled trials is necessary.
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In a retrospective chart review including 31 ASD youth (ages 8-17 years) without co-occurring ID or impaired language skills, treatment with buspirone for co-occurring anxiety disorders led to 18 of the subjects (58%) rated as "much improved" or "very much improved" on the CGI-I.
“In a retrospective chart review including 31 ASD youth (ages 8–17 years) without co-occurring ID or impaired language skills, treatment with buspirone for co-occurring anxiety disorders led to 18 of the subjects (58%) rated as “much improved” or “very much improved” on the CGI-I [106].”
From Pharmacological treatment in autism: a proposal for guidelines on common co-occurring psychiatric symptoms (2025) · cites this paper as [106]
Nine of the subjects (29%) were "minimally improved".
“Nine of the subjects (29%) were “minimally improved” [106].”
From Pharmacological treatment in autism: a proposal for guidelines on common co-occurring psychiatric symptoms (2025) · cites this paper as [106]
Citations
Cites
Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: interview development and rates of disorders
Leyfer, O. T., Folstein, S. E., Bacalman, S., Davis, N. O., Dinh, E., Morgan, J., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Lainhart, J. E. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0123-0 · Cited by 1,637
Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis
van Steensel, F. J. A., Bögels, S. M., & Perrin, S. (2011) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-011-0097-0 · Cited by 1,463 · cited 1×
“…performance in HF-ASD individuals with already compromised social competence, highlighting the importance of assessment and treatment of anxiety problems in addition to interventions targeting social communication impairment in children with ASD (van Steensel et al. 2011; Duvekot et al. 2017).”
BackgroundAnxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
White, S. W., Oswald, D., Ollendick, T., & Scahill, L. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.01.003 · Cited by 1,427 · cited 2×
“…general population is estimated at 29% (Kessler et al. 2005), several uncontrolled studies have reported the prevalence of ADs in ASD youth ranging between 43% and 84% (Muris et al. 1998; Leyfer et al. 2006; de Bruin et al. 2007; Sukhodolsky et al. 2008; White et al. 2009; Shekunov et al. 2017).”
BackgroundJoshi, G., Petty, C., Wozniak, J., Henin, A., Fried, R., Galdo, M., Kotarski, M., Walls, S., & Biederman, J. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-0996-9 · Cited by 464
Self-citationComorbid anxiety symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Manter, M. A., Birtwell, K. B., Bath, J., Friedman, N. D. B., Keary, C. J., Neumeyer, A. M., Palumbo, M. L., Thom, R. P., Stonestreet, E., Brooks, H., et al. (2025) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-024-03814-0 · Cited by 51
“%) rated as “much improved” or “very much improved” on the CGI-I [106].”
McDougle, C. J., Thom, R. P., Ravichandran, C. T., Palumbo, M. L., Politte, L. C., Mullett, J. E., Keary, C. J., Erickson, C. A., Stigler, K. A., Mathieu-Frasier, L., et al. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-022-01295-4 · Cited by 31
Metadata
- Authors
- Ceranoglu, T. A., Wozniak, J., Fried, R., Galdo, M., Hoskova, B., DeLeon Fong, M., Biederman, J., & Joshi, G.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Corresponding author
- Ceranoglu, Tolga Atilla
- Venue
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-01-25
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-33
- ISSN
- 1044-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8992
- PMC
- PMC6354602
- OpenAlex
- W2901001477
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Sunovion
- Arbor Pharmaceuticals
- University of Cambridge
- Shire
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- National Institutes of Health
- Simons Center for the Social Brain, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH100450)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- buspirone, anxiety disorders, high-functioning autism, youth, anxiolytic treatment, treatment tolerability, treatment effectiveness, psychiatric referral, emotional lability, activation
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adolescent, Anxiety, Buspirone, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Psychopharmacology, Retrospective Studies
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